Vitamin D and the risk of treatment-resistant and atypical depression: A Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT: Observational evidence has implicated vitamin D levels as a risk factor in major depressive disorder (MDD). Confounding or reverse causation may be driving these observed associations, with studies using genetics indicating little evidence of an effect. However, genetic studies have relied on broad definitions of depression. The genetic architecture of different depression subtypes may vary since MDD is a highly heterogenous condition, implying potentially diverging requirements in therapeutic approaches. We explored the associations between vitamin D and two subtypes of MDD, for which evidence of a causal link could have the greatest clinical benefits: treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and atypical depression (AD). We used a dual approach, combining observational data with genetic evid

SUBMITTER: Arathimos R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8568901 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature