Perspectives on the diagnostic, predictive and prognostic markers of neuroendocrine neoplasms (Review).

ABSTRACT: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors with different types of physiology and prognosis. Therefore, prognostic information, including morphological differentiation, grade, tumor stage and primary location, are invaluable and contribute to the formulation of treatment decisions. Biomarkers that are currently used, including chromogranin A (CgA), serotonin and neuron-specific enolase, are singular parameters that cannot be used to accurately predict variables associated with tumor growth, including proliferation, metabolic rate and metastatic potential. In addition, site-specific biomarkers, such as insulin and gastrin, cannot be applied to all types of NENs. The clinical application of broad-spectrum markers, as it is the case for CgA, remains controversial

SUBMITTER: Ciobanu OA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8576627 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature