Demystifying particle-based oral vaccines.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The oral route of vaccination is pain- and needle-free and can induce systemic and mucosal immunity. However, gastrointestinal barriers and antigen degradation impose significant hurdles in the development of oral vaccines. Live attenuated viruses and bacteria can overcome these barriers but at the risk of introducing safety concerns. As an alternative, particles have been investigated for antigen protection and delivery, yet there are no FDA-approved oral vaccines based on particle-based delivery systems. Our objective was to discover underlying determinants that can explain the current inadequacies and identify paradigms that can be implemented in future for successful development of oral vaccines relying on particle-based delivery systems.Areas covered: We re

SUBMITTER: Gonzalez-Cruz P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8590737 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature