COVID-19 and immunothrombosis: Pathophysiology and therapeutic implications.

ABSTRACT: The coagulopathy of COVID-19 is characterised by significantly elevated D Dimer and fibrinogen, mild thrombocytopenia and a mildly prolonged PT/APTT. A high incidence of thrombotic complications occurs despite standard thromboprophylaxis. The evidence to date supports immunothrombosis as the underlying mechanism for this coagulopathy which is triggered by a hyperinflammatory response and endotheliopathy. A hypercoagulable state results from endothelial damage/activation, complement activation, platelet hyperactivity, release of Extracellular Neutrophil Traps, activation of the coagulation system and a "hypofibrinolytic" state. Significant cross-talk occurs between the innate/adaptive immune system, endothelium and the coagulation system. D dimer has been shown to be the most reliable predi

SUBMITTER: Lim MS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8596655 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature