Potential Role for Combined Subtype-Selective Targeting of M₁ and M₃ Muscarinic Receptors in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases.

ABSTRACT: Despite structural similarity, the five subtypes comprising the cholinergic muscarinic family of G protein-coupled receptors regulate remarkably diverse biological functions. This mini review focuses on the closely related and commonly co-expressed M₁R and M₃R muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes encoded respectively by CHRM1 and CHRM3. Activated M₁R and M₃R signal via G_q and downstream initiate phospholipid turnover, changes in cell calcium levels, and activation of protein kinases that alter gene transcription and ultimately cell function. The unexpectedly divergent effects of M₁R and M₃R activation, despite similar receptor structure, distribution, and signaling, are puzzling. To explore thi

SUBMITTER: Tolaymat M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8600121 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature