TLR2 and TLR4 in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis: the environment takes a toll on the gut.

ABSTRACT: Parkinson's disease (PD) is an incurable, devastating disorder that is characterized by pathological protein aggregation and neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra. In recent years, growing evidence has implicated the gut environment and the gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis and progression of PD, especially in a subset of people who exhibit prodromal gastrointestinal dysfunction. Specifically, perturbations of gut homeostasis are hypothesized to contribute to α-synuclein aggregation in enteric neurons, which may spread to the brain over decades and eventually result in the characteristic central nervous system manifestations of PD, including neurodegeneration and motor impairments. However, the mechanisms linking gut disturbances and α-synuclein aggregation are still unclear. A pletho

SUBMITTER: Gorecki AM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8609261 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature