Dataset Information

Exploring the Association Between Measures of Obesity and Measures of Trip-induced Fall Risk Among Older Adults.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To explore the association between measures of obesity and measures of trip-induced fall risk among community-dwelling older adults.

Design

Case-control.

Setting

Gait laboratory.

Participants

Voluntary sample of 55 community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥65y; N=55) with body mass index (BMI) of 18.84-44.68 kg/m².

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main outcome measures

Measures of obesity included 6 anthropometry-based measures (BMI; thigh, hip and waist circumferences; ratio of waist-to-hip circumference; index of central obesity) and 4 dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry-based measures (percentage trunk, leg, and total fat; fat mass index). Measures of risk of tripping during overground walking included median and interquartile range of toe clearance and area under the swing phase toe trajectory. Measures of trip recovery after a laboratory-induced trip included trunk angle and angular velocity at ground contact of the first recovery step, anteroposterior distance from stepping foot to center of mass at the same instant, and step time of the first recovery step.

Results

Risk of tripping was associated with waist-to-hip ratio and thigh circumference. After grouping participants by waist-to-hip ratio, those with high ratios (≥0.9 cm for men and ≥0.85 cm for women) exhibited significantly greater variability in toe clearance. Trip recovery was associated with hip circumference, thigh circumference, fat mass index, and total fat. After grouping participants by fat mass index, those with high indices (>9 kg/m² for men and >13 kg/m² for women) exhibited less favorable trunk kinematics after a laboratory-induced trip (Cohen d=0.84).

Conclusions

Waist-to-hip ratio and fat mass index may more closely relate to trip-induced fall risk than BMI among community-dwelling older adults.

SUBMITTER: Rosenblatt NJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8648946 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Exploring the Association Between Measures of Obesity and Measures of Trip-induced Fall Risk Among Older Adults.

Rosenblatt Noah J NJ Madigan Michael L ML

Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 20210731 12

<h4>Objective</h4>To explore the association between measures of obesity and measures of trip-induced fall risk among community-dwelling older adults.<h4>Design</h4>Case-control.<h4>Setting</h4>Gait laboratory.<h4>Participants</h4>Voluntary sample of 55 community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥65y; N=55) with body mass index (BMI) of 18.84-44.68 kg/m<sup>2</sup>.<h4>Interventions</h4>Not applicable.<h4>Main outcome measures</h4>Measures of obesity included 6 anthropometry-based measures (BMI; thig ...[more]

PMID: 34343524

Similar Datasets

Project description:Hyperkyphosis, an increased kyphosis angle of the thoracic spine, was associated with a higher fall incidence in the oldest quartile of a large prospective cohort of community-dwelling older adults. Hyperkyphosis could serve as an indicator of an increased fall risk as well as a treatable condition.IntroductionHyperkyphosis is frequently found in adults aged 65 years and older and may be associated with falls. We aimed to investigate prospectively in community-dwelling older adults whether hyperkyphosis or change in the kyphosis angle is associated with fall incidence.MethodsCommunity-dwelling older adults (n = 1220, mean age 72.9 ± 5.7 years) reported falls weekly over 2 years. We measured thoracic kyphosis through the Cobb angle between the fourth and 12th thoracic vertebra on DXA-based vertebral fracture assessments and defined hyperkyphosis as a Cobb angle ≥ 50°. The change in the Cobb angle during follow-up was dichotomized (< 5 or ≥ 5°). Through multifactorial regression analysis, we investigated the association between the kyphosis angle and falls.ResultsHyperkyphosis was present in 15% of the participants. During follow-up, 48% of the participants fell at least once. In the total study population, hyperkyphosis was not associated with the number of falls (adjusted IRR 1.12, 95% CI 0.91-1.39). We observed effect modification by age (p = 0.002). In the oldest quartile, aged 77 years and older, hyperkyphosis was prospectively associated with a higher number of falls (adjusted IRR 1.67, 95% CI 1.14-2.45). Change in the kyphosis angle was not associated with fall incidence.ConclusionsHyperkyphosis was associated with a higher fall incidence in the oldest quartile of a large prospective cohort of community-dwelling older adults. Because hyperkyphosis is a partially reversible condition, we recommend investigating whether hyperkyphosis is one of the causes of falls and whether a decrease in the kyphosis angle may contribute to fall prevention.

Project description:ObjectivesThe association between sarcopenia severity and fall history remains under-researched at present. Accordingly, this study was developed to evaluate the relationship between sarcopenic status and prior fall events in a multiethnic group of older community-dwelling adults in Western China.DesignA retrospective survey study, the data comes from the West China Health and Aging Trend study.SettingThe study was based in Western China.ParticipantsIn total, this retrospective analysis incorporated data from 2719 older adults (59.2% women).Primary and secondary outcome measuresGrip strength, gait speed and skeletal muscle mass index values were analysed for all participants, and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2014 and 2019 consensus criteria were leveraged to assess sarcopenia status in these individuals. Prior fall history was defined by any incidents in which an individual unintentionally came to rest on the floor within the past year. The association between sarcopenia status and fall history was examined through a binary logistic regression approach, with p<0.05 as the threshold for significance.ResultsUsing the AWGS2014 and AWGS2019 diagnostic criteria, of the individuals included in this study cohort 1851 (68.1%) were free of sarcopenia, 160 (5.9%) and 56 (2.1%) showed only muscle-mass loss, 322 (11.8%) and 267 (9.8%) exhibited non-severe sarcopenia and the remaining 386 (14.2%) and 545 (20.0%) exhibited severe sarcopenia, respectively. Previous fall events were reported for 14.8% of study cohort members. After full adjustment for potential confounders, a significant link between severe sarcopenia diagnosed by the AWGS2014 diagnostic criteria and fall history was observed (OR 1.397, 95% CI 1.029 to 1.896, p=0.032), while the AWGS2019 diagnostic criteria did not (OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.982 to 1.694, p=0.068).ConclusionsSevere sarcopenia, as defined per the AWGS2014 criteria, was associated with a significantly higher risk of falls in this multiethnic cohort of older adults from Western China, while the AWGS2019 diagnostic criteria did not. However, this relationship was not observed for individuals who experienced muscle mass loss or had non-severe sarcopenia, according to both the AWGS2014 and AWGS2019 diagnostic criteria.

Project description:ImportanceHigher purpose in life is hypothesized to reduce the likelihood of developing weak grip strength and slow walking speed because purpose has been linked with a range of positive health behaviors and biological processes that are potentially protective against declining physical function. However, the association between purpose in life and objective physical function has not been examined.ObjectiveTo assess whether higher purpose in life among adequately functioning older adults is associated with lower risk of developing weak grip strength and slow walking speed over time.Design, setting, and participantsData for a longitudinal cohort study were collected in 2006 and again in 2010 from the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative study of US adults older than 50 years. Data analysis was conducted from November 23, 2016, to June 2, 2017.Main outcomes and measuresThe risk of developing weak grip strength (assessed as a binary yes or no outcome) or slow walking speed (yes or no) during the 4-year follow-up period. Grip strength was assessed using Smedley spring-type hand dynamometers, and walking speed was assessed by asking respondents to walk 2.5 m at their normal walking pace.ResultsIn this study, 4486 adults had grip scores at baseline indicating adequate function (2665 women and 1821 men; mean [SD] age, 63.0 [8.2] years) and 1461 adults had walking scores at baseline indicating adequate function (801 women and 660 men; mean [SD] age, 70.8 [6.5] years). After controlling for sociodemographic factors, each 1-SD increase in purpose was associated with a 13% decreased risk (95% CI, 1%-23%) of developing weak grip strength and a 14% decreased risk (95% CI, 8%-20%) of developing slow walking speed. Associations with walking speed were maintained in all covariate models (fully adjusted model: risk ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.95), but associations with grip strength did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance after additionally adjusting for relevant baseline health factors, depressive symptoms, and health behaviors (fully adjusted model: risk ratio, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.80-1.04).Conclusions and relevancePurpose in life was prospectively associated with a decreased risk of developing weak grip strength and slow walking speed, although the findings were more robust for walking speed than for grip strength. These findings suggest that a sense of purpose in life, a modifiable factor, may play an important role in maintaining physical function among older adults.

Project description:BackgroundNo studies have assessed the association between daytime napping and obesity in China. The study aimed to examine the association between daytime napping and obesity among Chinese middle-aged and older adults, and to evaluate the difference between the aforementioned association in men and women.MethodsOverall, 14 685 participants aged 45 years and older were included by using data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate the relationship between daytime napping and obesity after adjusting for potential confounders. Stratified analyses were performed to examine the association differences by sex. Besides, the Cochran-Armitage test for trend was used to detect if there was a significant dose-response relationship between daytime napping and obesity.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 60.32, and the mean daytime napping duration was 38.97 minutes. In the sample, compared with no daytime napping group, the risks of being obese were higher in both moderate daytime napping group (1-60 minute/d) (odds ratio OR = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13-1.44) and extend long daytime napping group (>60 minute/d) (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.15-1.56). In sex stratification, these significant correlations only existed in women but not in men. Compared with no daytime napping, women who napped 1-60 minute/d and over 60 minute/d were more likely to be obese (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.18-1.59 and OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.23-1.81, respectively). Besides, the Cochran-Armitage trend test revealed that the prevalence rate of obesity increased as the daytime napping duration increased (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe study established the relationship between daytime napping and obesity in a general Chinese population. The association, however, was only detected among women. Furthermore, there was a dose-response relationship between daytime napping and obesity among women. Future studies may verify this association by using a longitudinal design and focus on the mechanisms behind such association.

Dataset Information

Exploring the Association Between Measures of Obesity and Measures of Trip-induced Fall Risk Among Older Adults.

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Interventions

Main outcome measures

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Exploring the Association Between Measures of Obesity and Measures of Trip-induced Fall Risk Among Older Adults.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets