Activation of Toll-Like Receptors by Live Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens Reveals Mitigation of TLR4 Responses and Activation of TLR5 by Flagella.

ABSTRACT: Successful bacterial pathogens have evolved to avoid activating an innate immune system in the host that responds to the pathogen through distinct Toll-like receptors (TLRs). The general class of biochemical components that activate TLRs has been studied extensively, but less is known about how TLRs interact with the class of compounds that are still associated with the live pathogen. Accordingly, we examined the activation of surface assembled TLR 2, 4, and 5 with live Tier 1 Gram-negative pathogens that included Yersinia pestis (plague), Burkholderia mallei (glanders), Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis), and Francisella tularensis (tularemia). We found that Y. pestis CO92 grown at 28°C activated TLR2 and TLR4, but at 37°C the pathogen activated pri

SUBMITTER: Amemiya K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8650638 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature