Isoniazid or rifampicin preventive therapy with and without screening for subclinical TB: a modeling analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Short-course, rifamycin-based regimens could facilitate scale-up of tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT), but it is unclear how stringently tuberculosis (TB) disease should be ruled out before TPT use.

Methods

We developed a state-transition model of a TPT intervention among two TPT-eligible cohorts: adults newly diagnosed with HIV in South Africa (PWH) and TB household contacts in Pakistan (HHCs). We modeled two TPT regimens-4 months of rifampicin [4R] or 6 months of isoniazid [6H]-comparing each to a reference of no intervention. Before initiating TPT, TB disease was excluded either through symptom-only screening or with additional radiographic screening that could detect subclinical TB but might limit access to the TPT intervention. TPT's potential curative ef

SUBMITTER: Kendall EA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8670249 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature