Dataset Information

Gelatin-Tannin-Based Greener Binder Technology for Stone Shot and Stone Wool Materials: A Detailed Study.

ABSTRACT: The detailed study presented herein of gelatins modified with tannins as greener binder systems for stone wool and related materials has unveiled a versatile technology that offers a wide range of possibilities for tailor-making properties toward various application areas. Thus, high unaged and aged mechanical strengths in combination with low water solubilities may generally be obtained from the use of gelatins with higher gel strength (and hence, generally, higher molecular weights), low-to-mid range tannin addition levels (3-20%), alkali metal hydroxides for pH adjustment, and final pH in the range 8-9. Comparatively low water uptake properties may be obtained using higher gel strength type A gelatins, lower tannin addition levels, alkali metal hydroxides for pH adjustment, and lower final pH. Even lower water uptake properties may then be obtained using Ca(OH)₂ in place of alkali metal hydroxides. If desired, higher water uptakes may be obtained using type B gelatins (or lower gel strength gelatins in general), higher tannin addition levels, and higher final pH. Mechanistic studies indicated that the optimal modification of gelatin with the tannin component occurs via several pathways.

SUBMITTER: Hjelmgaard T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8674984 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gelatin-Tannin-Based Greener Binder Technology for Stone Shot and Stone Wool Materials: A Detailed Study.

Hjelmgaard Thomas T Svendsen Josefine Øgaard JØ Köhler Berthold B Pawelzyk Paul P Lybye Dorthe D Schmücker Carina Michella CM Reiter Peter P Reihmann Matthias M Thorsen Peter Anker PA

ACS omega 20211130 49

The detailed study presented herein of gelatins modified with tannins as greener binder systems for stone wool and related materials has unveiled a versatile technology that offers a wide range of possibilities for tailor-making properties toward various application areas. Thus, high unaged and aged mechanical strengths in combination with low water solubilities may generally be obtained from the use of gelatins with higher gel strength (and hence, generally, higher molecular weights), low-to-mi ...[more]

PMID: 34926934

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Project description:BackgroundMan-made vitreous fibres (MMVF) are produced on a large scale for thermal insulation purposes. After extensive studies of fibre effects in the 1980ies and 1990ies, the composition of MMVF was modified to reduce the fibrotic and cancerogenic potential via reduced biopersistence. However, occupational risks by handling, applying, disposing modern MMVF may be underestimated as the conventional regulatory classification -combining composition, in-vivo clearance and effects- seems to be based entirely on MMVF after removal of the binder.ResultsHere we report the oxide composition of 23 modern MMVF from Germany, Finland, UK, Denmark, Russia, China (five different producers) and one pre-1995 MMVF. We find that most of the investigated modern MMVF can be classified as "High-alumina, low-silica wool", but several were on or beyond the borderline to "pre-1995 Rock (Stone) wool". We then used well-established flow-through dissolution testing at pH 4.5 and pH 7.4, with and without binder, at various flow rates, to screen the biosolubility of 14 MMVF over 32 days. At the flow rate and acidic pH of reports that found 47 ng/cm2/h dissolution rate for reference biopersistent MMVF21 (without binder), we find rates from 17 to 90 ng/cm2/h for modern MMVF as customary in trade (with binder). Removing the binder accelerates the dissolution significantly, but not to the level of reference biosoluble MMVF34. We finally simulated handling or disposing of MMVF and measured size fractions in the aerosol. The respirable fraction of modern MMVF is low, but not less than pre-1995 MMVF.ConclusionsThe average composition of modern stone wool MMVF is different from historic biopersistent MMVF, but to a lesser extent than expected. The dissolution rates measured by abiotic methods indicate that the binder has a significant influence on dissolution via gel formation. Considering the content of respirable fibres, these findings imply that the risk assessment of modern stone wool may need to be revisited based on in-vivo studies of MMFV as marketed (with binder).

Project description:Fully biobased and biodegradable materials have attracted a growing interest in the food packaging sector as they can help to reduce the negative impact of fossil-based plastics on the environment. Moreover, the addition of functionalities to these materials by introducing active molecules has become an essential requirement to create modern packaging able to extend food's shelf-life while informing the consumer about food quality and freshness. In this study, we present an innovative bioplastic formulation for food packaging based on poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV) and tannins as multifunctional additives. As a proof of concept, PHBV/tannin films were prepared by solvent casting, increasing the tannin content from 1 to 10 per hundred of resin (phr). Formic acid was used to reach a homogeneous distribution of the hydrophilic tannins into hydrophobic PHBV, which is remarkably challenging by using other solvents. Thanks to their well-known properties, the effect of tannins on the antioxidant, UV protection, and gas barrier properties of PHBV was evaluated. Samples containing 5 phr bioadditive revealed the best combination of these properties, also maintaining good transparency. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations revealed that films are suitable for application from the fridge to potentially high temperatures for food heating (up to 200 °C). Tensile tests have also shown that Young's modulus (900-1030 MPa) and tensile strength (20 MPa) are comparable with those of the common polymers and biopolymers for packaging. Besides the improvement of the PHBV properties for extending food's shelf-life, it was also observed that PHBV/tannin could colorimetrically detect ammonia vapors, thus making this material potentially applicable as a smart indicator for food spoilage (e.g., detection of fish degradation). The presented outcomes suggest that tannins can add multifunctional properties to a polymeric material, opening up a new strategy to obtain an attractive alternative to petroleum-based plastics for smart food packaging applications.

Dataset Information

Gelatin-Tannin-Based Greener Binder Technology for Stone Shot and Stone Wool Materials: A Detailed Study.

Publications

Gelatin-Tannin-Based Greener Binder Technology for Stone Shot and Stone Wool Materials: A Detailed Study.

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