Factors Associated with Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure in Polish Regions.

ABSTRACT: Out-of-pocket (OOP) payments are perceived as the most regressive means of health financing. Using the panel-data approach and region-aggregated data from Statistics Poland, this research investigated associations between socio-economic factors and OOP health spending in 16 Polish regions for the period 1999-2019. The dependent variable was real (inflation-adjusted) monthly OOP health expenditure per person in Polish households. Potential independent variables included economic, labour, demographic, educational, health, environmental, and lifestyle measures based on previous research. A set of panel-data estimators was used in regression models. The factors that were positively associated with OOP health spending were disposable income, the proportions of children (aged 0-9) and elderly (7

SUBMITTER: Lyszczarz B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8701368 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature