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Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among US Healthcare Personnel, May-December 2020.

ABSTRACT: To determine risk factors for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) among US healthcare personnel (HCP), we conducted a case-control analysis. We collected data about activities outside the workplace and COVID-19 patient care activities from HCP with positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test results (cases) and from HCP with negative test results (controls) in healthcare facilities in 5 US states. We used conditional logistic regression to calculate adjusted matched odds ratios and 95% CIs for exposures. Among 345 cases and 622 controls, factors associated with risk were having close contact with persons with COVID-19 outside the workplace, having close contact with COVID-19 patients in the workplace, and assisting COVID-19 patients with activities of daily living. Protecting HCP from COVID-19 may require interventions that reduce their exposures outside the workplace and improve their ability to more safely assist COVID-19 patients with activities of daily living.

SUBMITTER: Chea N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8714235 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among US Healthcare Personnel, May-December 2020.

Chea Nora N Brown Cedric J CJ Eure Taniece T Ramirez Rebecca Alkis RA Blazek Gregory G Penna Austin R AR Li Ruoran R Czaja Christopher A CA Johnston Helen H Barter Devra D Miller Betsy Feighner BF Angell Kathleen K Marshall Kristen E KE Fell Ashley A Lovett Sara S Lim Sarah S Lynfield Ruth R Davis Sarah Shrum SS Phipps Erin C EC Sievers Marla M Dumyati Ghinwa G Concannon Cathleen C McCullough Kathryn K Woods Amy A Seshadri Sandhya S Myers Christopher C Pierce Rebecca R Ocampo Valerie L S VLS Guzman-Cottrill Judith A JA Escutia Gabriela G Samper Monika M Thompson Nicola D ND Magill Shelley S SS Grigg Cheri T CT

Emerging infectious diseases 20211202 1

To determine risk factors for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) among US healthcare personnel (HCP), we conducted a case-control analysis. We collected data about activities outside the workplace and COVID-19 patient care activities from HCP with positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test results (cases) and from HCP with negative test results (controls) in healthcare facilities in 5 US states. We used conditional logistic regression to calculate adjusted matched odd ...[more]

PMID: 34856114

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Project description:Introduction: Urban informal settlements may be disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic due to overcrowding and other socioeconomic challenges that make adoption and implementation of public health mitigation measures difficult. We conducted a seroprevalence survey in the Kibera informal settlement, Nairobi, Kenya, to determine the extent of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: Members of randomly selected households from an existing population-based infectious disease surveillance (PBIDS) provided blood specimens between 27 th November and 5 th December 2020. The specimens were tested for antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Seroprevalence estimates were weighted by age and sex distribution of the PBIDS population and accounted for household clustering. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for individual seropositivity. Results: Consent was obtained from 523 individuals in 175 households, yielding 511 serum specimens that were tested. The overall weighted seroprevalence was 43.3% (95% CI, 37.4 - 49.5%) and did not vary by sex. Of the sampled households, 122(69.7%) had at least one seropositive individual. The individual seroprevalence increased by age from 7.6% (95% CI, 2.4 - 21.3%) among children (<5 years), 32.7% (95% CI, 22.9 - 44.4%) among children 5 - 9 years, 41.8% (95% CI, 33.0 - 51.1%) for those 10-19 years, and 54.9%(46.2 - 63.3%) for adults (≥20 years). Relative to those from medium-sized households (3 and 4 individuals), participants from large (≥5 persons) households had significantly increased odds of being seropositive, aOR, 1.98(95% CI, 1.17 - 1.58), while those from small-sized households (≤2 individuals) had increased odds but not statistically significant, aOR, 2.31 (95% CI, 0.93 - 5.74). Conclusion: In densely populated urban settings, close to half of the individuals had an infection to SARS-CoV-2 after eight months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya. This highlights the importance to prioritize mitigation measures, including COVID-19 vaccine distribution, in the crowded, low socioeconomic settings.

Dataset Information

Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among US Healthcare Personnel, May-December 2020.

Publications

Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among US Healthcare Personnel, May-December 2020.

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