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Rapidly Self-Sterilizing PPE Capable of Destroying 100% of Microbes in 30-60 Seconds.

ABSTRACT: The continued proliferation of superbugs in hospitals and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created an acute worldwide demand for sustained broadband pathogen suppression in households, hospitals, and public spaces. In response, we have created a highly active, self-sterilizing copper configuration capable of inactivating a wide range of bacteria and viruses in 30-60 seconds. The highly active material destroys pathogens faster than any conventional copper configuration and acts as quickly as alcohol wipes and hand sanitizers. Unlike the latter, our copper material does not release volatile compounds or leave harmful chemical residues and maintains its antimicrobial efficacy over sustained use; it is shelf stable for years. We have performed rigorous testing in accordance with guidelines from U.S. regulatory agencies and believe that the material could offer broad spectrum, non-selective defense against most microbes via integration into masks, protective equipment, and various forms of surface coatings.

SUBMITTER: Zinn AA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8715083 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rapidly Self-Sterilizing PPE Capable of Destroying 100% of Microbes in 30-60 Seconds.

Zinn Alfred A AA Izadjoo Mina M Kim Hosan H Brody Rachel L RL Roth Robert R RR Vega Agustin A Nguyen Khanh K KK Ngo Nhi T NT Zinn Hannah T HT Antonopoulos Nicholas N Stoltenberg Randall M RM

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 20211215

The continued proliferation of superbugs in hospitals and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created an acute worldwide demand for sustained broadband pathogen suppression in households, hospitals, and public spaces. In response, we have created a highly active, self-sterilizing copper configuration capable of inactivating a wide range of bacteria and viruses in 30-60 seconds. The highly active material destroys pathogens faster than any conventional copper configuration and acts as qui ...[more]

PMID: 34976853

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Project description:Using the specific satellite line of sight geometry and station location with respect to the source, Thomas et al. [Scientific Reports, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30476-9] developed a method to infer the detection altitude of co-seismic ionospheric perturbations observed in Global Positioning System (GPS) - Total Electron Content (TEC) measurements during the Mw 7.4 March 9, 2011 Sanriku-Oki earthquake, a foreshock of the Mw 9.0, March 11, 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. Therefore, in addition to the spatio-temporal evolution, the altitude information of the seismically induced ionospheric signatures can also be derived now using GPS-TEC technique. However, this method considered a point source, in terms of a small rupture area (~90 km) during the Tohoku foreshock, for the generation of seismo-acoustic waves in 3D space and time. In this article, we explore further efficacy of GPS-TEC technique during co-seismic ionospheric sounding for an extended seismic source varying simultaneously in space and time akin to the rupture of Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki mainshock and the limitations to be aware of in such context. With the successful execution of the method by Thomas et al. during the Tohoku-Oki mainshock, we not only estimate the detection altitude of GPS-TEC derived co-seismic ionospheric signatures but also delineate, for the first time, distinct ground seismic sources responsible for the generation of these perturbations, which evolved during the initial 60 seconds of the rupture. Simulated tsunami water excitation over the fault region, to envisage the evolution of crustal deformation in space and time along the rupture, formed the base for our model analysis. Further, the simulated water displacement assists our proposed novel approach to delineate the ground seismic sources entirely based on the ensuing ionospheric perturbations which were otherwise not well reproduced by the ground rupture process within this stipulated time. Despite providing the novel information on the segmentation of the Tohoku-Oki seismic source based on the co-seismic ionospheric response to the initial 60 seconds of the event, our model could not reproduce precise rupture kinematics over this period. This shortcoming is also credited to the specific GPS satellite-station viewing geometries.

Project description:ObjectiveTo describe haematocrit at birth in preterm infants who received ≥60 s of delayed cord clamping (DCC).DesignRetrospective observational study.SettingA California public hospital with an American Academy of Pediatrics level 4 neonatal intensive care unit, with 3500-4000 deliveries annually.Participants467 preterm infants born at <35 weeks' gestational age (GA) between January 2013 and December 2018.Primary and secondary outcome measuresHaematocrit reference ranges for 0-4 hours after birth and paired haematocrit differences between 0-4 and 4-24 hours.MethodsHaematocrits were obtained when clinically indicated and collected from arterial, venous and capillary sources. Haematocrits obtained after packed red blood cell transfusions were excluded. We summarised the first available haematocrit between 0 and 4 hours by GA strata. We used mixed-effects linear regression to describe the associations between haematocrit and predictor variables including GA, male sex and hours after an infant's birth. We also compared paired haematocrits at 0-4 and 4-24 hours after birth.ResultsThe median GA of the 467 included infants was 33.3 weeks, birth weight was 1910 g and DCC duration was 60 s. The mean (95% CI) first haematocrit at 0-4 hours was 46.6 (45.0% to 48.1%), 51.2 (49.6% to 52.8%), 50.6 (49.1% to 52.1%), 54.3 (52.8% to 55.8%) and 55.6 (54.6% to 56.6%) for infants 23-29, 30-31, 32, 33 and 34 weeks' GA strata, respectively. The subanalysis of 174 infants with paired haematocrits at 0-4 and 4-24 hours showed that for each additional hour after birth, the mean (95% CI) haematocrit increased by 0.2 (0.1% to 0.3%), 0.2 (0.1% to 0.4%) and 0.1 (0.0% to 0.2%) for infants in 23-29, 30-31 and 32 weeks' GA strata, respectively. The subanalysis showed no change between the paired haematocrits in the 33 and 34 weeks' GA strata.ConclusionsOur study describes haematocrit in preterm infants who received ≥60 s DCC as standard of care. Haematocrit during the first 0-4 hours in our study is higher than the previously described reference ranges prior to DCC becoming routine clinical practice. The paired second haematocrit at 4-24 hours is higher than haematocrit at 0-4 hours.

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Rapidly Self-Sterilizing PPE Capable of Destroying 100% of Microbes in 30-60 Seconds.

Publications

Rapidly Self-Sterilizing PPE Capable of Destroying 100% of Microbes in 30-60 Seconds.

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