Self-reported Behaviors Regarding Medications to Save Money Among Sexual Minority Adults in the US, 2015-2018.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Das RK
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8715343 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Self-reported Behaviors Regarding Medications to Save Money Among Sexual Minority Adults in the US, 2015-2018.
Das Rishub K RK Gonzales Gilbert G
JAMA 20211201 24
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC5960987 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study examined the longitudinal effects of co-occurring psychosocial concerns, or syndemics, on HIV-positive sexual minority men's likelihood of engaging in serodiscordant condomless anal sex (CAS), a health behavior with implications for personal and public health. Participants included 390 HIV-positive sexual minority men from two prior secondary prevention trials. Over the course of the 1-year data collection period (up to 5 observations per participant), participants completed self-report measures of CAS, as well as six syndemic factors: post-traumatic stress disorder, childhood sexual abuse, depression, anxiety, alcohol abuse, and polysubstance/stimulant use. We employed multilevel modeling to examine the longitudinal additive effect of syndemics on serodiscordant CAS (binary) over the 1-year period. The number of syndemic conditions was a significant predictor of CAS, with each additional syndemic associated with 1.41 greater odds of CAS (p = .0004; 95% CI [1.16, 1.70]). Both the between-person (p = .0121, 95% CI [1.07, 1.69]) and within-person (p = .01, 95% CI [1.11, 2.10]) effects of syndemics were significant predictors, showing that an increase in the number of syndemic conditions across person and time both increased odds of CAS. Interventions addressing HIV-positive sexual minority men's sexual health behaviors should address the potential impact of co-occurring psychosocial concerns that affect these behaviors. This will benefit this population's personal sexual health and reduce transmission of HIV and STIs among sexual minority men.
| S-EPMC6586562 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDespite multiple federal initiatives and calls to action, nursing literature on the health of sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations remains sparse. Low levels of funding for SGM-focused research may be a factor.PurposeTo examine the proportion and focus of National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)-funded projects that address SGM health, the number and type of publications arising from that funding, and the reach of those publications over time.MethodsNINR-funded grants focused on SGM research and bibliometrics of resultant publications were identified using multiple search strategies in NIH RePORTER and PubMed and Scopus, respectively.FindingsSince 1987, NINR has funded 25 projects addressing the health of SGM populations. Pre-doctoral fellowship funding resulted in more publications in nursing journals than research grant funding.DiscussionThere are clear differences in patterns of funding for fellowships and research grants with corresponding differences in publications and impact on the nursing literature.
| S-EPMC7269852 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo allow physicians to be more selective in their request for a radiograph of the wrist and to potentially reduce costs, the Amsterdam Wrist Rules (AWR) have been developed, externally validated, and recently also implemented. The aim of this study was to conduct an incremental cost analysis and budget impact analysis of the implementation of the AWR at the emergency department (ED) in the Netherlands.MethodsA cost-minimisation analysis to determine the expected cost savings for implementation of the Amsterdam Wrist Rules. The incremental difference in costs before and after implementation of the AWR was based on the reduction in costs for radiographs, the cost savings due to reduction of ED consultation times and the costs of a re-evaluation appointment by a physician.ResultsIn the Netherlands, implementation of the AWR could potentially result in 6% cost savings per patient with a wrist injury. In addition, implementation of the AWR resulted in €203,510 cost savings annually nationwide. In the sensitivity analysis, an increase in physician compliance to 100% substantially increased the potential total amount of annual cost savings to €610,248, which is 6% of total costs before implementation. Variation in time spent at the ED, a decrease and increase in costs and patients presenting annually at the ED did not change the cost savings substantially.ConclusionImplementation of the AWR has been shown to reduce direct and indirect costs and can, therefore, result in considerable savings of healthcare consumption and expenditure.
| S-EPMC7366574 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This review summarized trends and key findings from empirical studies conducted between 2011 and 2017 regarding eating disorders and disordered weight and shape control behaviors among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and other sexual minority (i.e., non-heterosexual) populations.Recent research has examined disparities through sociocultural and minority stress approaches. Sexual minorities continue to demonstrate higher rates of disordered eating; disparities are more pronounced among males. Emerging data indicates elevated risk for disordered eating pathology among sexual minorities who are transgender or ethnic minorities. Dissonance-based eating disorder prevention programs may hold promise for sexual minority males. Continued research must examine the intersections of sexual orientation, gender, and ethnic identities, given emergent data that eating disorder risk may be most prominent among specific subgroups. More research is needed within sexual minorities across the lifespan. There is still a lack of eating disorder treatment and prevention studies for sexual minorities.
| S-EPMC5555626 | biostudies-other
Project description:The objective of this study is to characterize gene expression signatures associated with in vivo artemisinin resistance phenotype and its transcriptional response to Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT) treatment . RNA-seq was applied to establish the global gene expression profiles for 196 and 180 isolates sampled from patients prior to and post to ACT treatment.
2022-02-07 | GSE169520 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundDisparities in obesity care and bariatric surgery persist among patients of diverse identities. However, little is known about sexual minority (SM) bariatric patients.ObjectivesThis study sought to describe, in a preliminary fashion, sexual orientation variables of outness, self-esteem, and perceived discrimination among a sample of SM patients pursuing bariatric surgery. The study also sought to compare SM and heterosexual bariatric candidates on measures of eating behaviors, anxiety, and depression.SettingAcademic medical center in the United States.MethodsData were collected as part of a standard psychological evaluation for surgical clearance between May 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019. Data included demographic characteristics, sexual orientation variables, eating behaviors, anxiety, and depression. Descriptive statistics were included to present findings among SM patients. One-way analyses of covariance were conducted to assess differences between SM and heterosexual patients.ResultsA total of 633 patients were evaluated (38 SM and 595 heterosexual). SM patients had high outness scores with high self-esteem and minimal perceived discrimination. SM patients endorsed lower cognitive restraint, higher disinhibition, and increased hunger compared with heterosexual patients (P < .05). SM patients also reported significantly more symptoms of anxiety and depression compared with heterosexual patients (P < .05).ConclusionsFindings provide preliminary evidence toward the importance of assessing for sexual orientation among bariatric patients. Future research is warranted to assess the unique role of sexual orientation, as well as explore causal links between sexual orientation, eating behaviors, and mental health among bariatric patients pre- and post surgery.
| S-EPMC7675922 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThis study examined sexual orientation differences in eating behaviors, physical activity, and weight status among adolescents in the U.S. Moreover, this study tested whether parental and peer influences contribute to sexual orientation disparities in adolescent eating behaviors, physical activity, BMI, and examined disparities in weight misperception.MethodsCross-sectional data were from 1,926 adolescents who participated in the NEXT Generation Health Study in 2010-2011. Linear and multinomial logistic regressions conducted in 2017-2018 were used to test disparities and interactions with social influences.ResultsRelative to their heterosexual peers, sexual minority males and females consumed fruits and vegetables more frequently; sexual minority males engaged in less frequent physical activity; and sexual minority females were more likely to be overweight, perceive themselves as overweight, and to overestimate their weight. High parental expectation for physical activity was associated with more frequent vigorous physical activity among heterosexual adolescents, but less frequent vigorous physical activity among sexual minority males. Exercising with a same-sex peer buffered against the risk of higher BMI among sexual minority females.ConclusionsParental and peer influences may serve as potential intervention targets to reduce disparities in weight-related behaviors. Longitudinal research is needed to understand the consequences of weight misperception among sexual minority females.
| S-EPMC6296226 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveBody image disturbance is a common experience for sexual minority men living with HIV, and is associated with poor self-care behaviors. However, to date, no known cohesive theoretical model has been advanced to understand the possible antecedents and outcomes of body image disturbance in this population. Thus, the goal of the current study was to test a biopsychosocial model of body image and self-care behaviors among sexual minority men living with HIV.MethodParticipants were 106 gay and bisexual men living with HIV who completed a battery of self-report measures, including assessment of body image disturbance, depression, lipodystrophy, appearance orientation, condom use self-efficacy, antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, and HIV sexual transmission risk behaviors. Bayesian estimation was employed to assess model fit and direct and indirect pathways within the model.ResultsThe data fit the model well, with all theorized pathways being significant. Lipodystrophy severity and appearance orientation were associated with elevated body image disturbance. In turn, body image disturbance was related to poorer ART adherence and increased HIV sexual transmission risk behaviors, through the mechanisms of elevated depressive symptoms and poor condom use self-efficacy.ConclusionsElevated body image disturbance among sexual minority men living with HIV is associated with important biopsychosocial variables, which in turn are related to poorer ART adherence and increased HIV sexual transmission risk behaviors. Integrative psychosocial interventions addressing co-occurring body image disturbance, depression, and HIV self-care behaviors may be a fruitful area for future clinical practice and research.
| S-EPMC4094355 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Sexual minority men (e.g., gay, bisexual, queer) are more likely than heterosexual men to be involved in an adolescent pregnancy, but little research has been done on the context surrounding this disparity. To address this gap, and as part of the larger Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Pregnancy Experiences (SLOPE) Study, semi-structured interviews and descriptive surveys were conducted with 10 cisgender sexual minority men, ages 29-49, from across the United States. Interview transcripts were analyzed using immersion/crystallization and template organizing style methods, and themes were organized into a conceptual model describing sexual minority men's debut sexual activity and decision-making experiences during adolescence. This model depicts three themes: 1) partnership and negotiation of sexual experiences, 2) psychological processes related to development, pregnancy, and sexuality, and 3) cultural and environmental contexts. These three themes are contextualized by a throughline of transformative life events (i.e., the existence and chronology of life-impacting events). Findings indicate a complex interplay of psychological (e.g., developmental processes surrounding sexuality and sexual orientation), social (e.g., personal relationships), and policy-level factors (e.g., sex education) influence sexual minority men's sexuality and pregnancy prevention decision-making during adolescence. Care should be taken to consider and include sexual minority men in pregnancy prevention messaging and education.
| S-EPMC10389053 | biostudies-literature