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On the Stiffness of Gold at the Nanoscale.

ABSTRACT: The density and compressibility of nanoscale gold (both nanospheres and nanorods) and microscale gold (bulk) were simultaneously studied by X-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation up to 30 GPa. Colloidal stability (aggregation state and nanoparticle shape and size) in both hydrostatic and nonhydrostatic regions was monitored by small-angle X-ray scattering. We demonstrate that nonhydrostatic effects due to solvent solidification had a negligible influence on the stability of the nanoparticles. Conversely, nonhydrostatic effects produced axial stresses on the nanoparticle up to a factor 10× higher than those on the bulk metal. Working under hydrostatic conditions (liquid solution), we determined the equation of state of individual nanoparticles. From the values of the lattice parameter and bulk modulus, we found that gold nanoparticles are slightly denser (0.3%) and stiffer (2%) than bulk gold: V₀ = 67.65(3) Å³, K₀ = 170(3)GPa, at zero pressure.

SUBMITTER: Martin-Sanchez C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8717628 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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On the Stiffness of Gold at the Nanoscale.

Martín-Sánchez Camino C Sánchez-Iglesias Ana A Barreda-Argüeso José Antonio JA Polian Alain A Itié Jean-Paul JP Pérez Javier J Mulvaney Paul P Liz-Marzán Luis M LM Rodríguez Fernando F

ACS nano 20211020 12

The density and compressibility of nanoscale gold (both nanospheres and nanorods) and microscale gold (bulk) were simultaneously studied by X-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation up to 30 GPa. Colloidal stability (aggregation state and nanoparticle shape and size) in both hydrostatic and nonhydrostatic regions was monitored by small-angle X-ray scattering. We demonstrate that nonhydrostatic effects due to solvent solidification had a negligible influence on the stability of the nanoparticl ...[more]

PMID: 34668378

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Project description:Noble metals have always fascinated researchers due to their feasible and facile approach to plasmonics. Especially the extensive utilization of gold (Au) has been found in biomedical engineering, microelectronics, and catalysis. Surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) sensors are achievable by employing plasmonic nanoparticles. The past decades have seen colossal advancement in noble metal nanoparticle research. Surface plasmonic biosensors are advanced in terms of sensing accuracy and detection limit. Likewise, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely used to develop distinct biosensors for molecular diagnosis. DNA nanotechnology facilitates advanced nanostructure having unique properties that contribute vastly to clinical therapeutics. The critical element for absolute control of materials at the nanoscale is the engineering of optical and plasmonic characteristics of the polymeric and metallic nanostructure. Correspondingly, AuNP's vivid intense color expressions are dependent on their size, shape, and compositions, which implies their strong influence on tuning the plasmonic properties. These plasmonic properties of AuNPs have vastly exerted the biosensing and molecular diagnosis applications without any hazardous effects. Here, we have designed nanoscale X-DNA-based Dgel scaffolds utilized for tuning the plasmonic properties of AuNPs. The DNA nanohydrogel (Dgel) scaffolds engineered with three different X-DNAs of distinct numbers of base pairs were applied. We have designed X-DNA base pair-controlled size-varied Dgel scaffolds and molar ratio-based nano assemblies to tune the plasmonic properties of AuNPs. The nanoscale DNA hydrogel's negatively charged scaffold facilitates quaternary ammonium ligand-modified positively charged AuNPs to flocculate around due to electrostatic charge attractions. Overall, our study demonstrates that by altering the DNA hydrogel scaffolds and the physical properties of the nanoscale hydrogel matrix, the SPR properties can be modulated. This approach could potentially benefit in monitoring diverse therapeutic biomolecules.

Dataset Information

On the Stiffness of Gold at the Nanoscale.

Publications

On the Stiffness of Gold at the Nanoscale.

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