Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: The Potential Involvement of Innate and Adaptive Immunity.

ABSTRACT: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe disease with high morbidity and mortality. Current therapies are mainly focused on vasodilative agents to improve prognosis. However, recent literature has shown the important interaction between immune cells and stromal vascular cells in the pathogenic modifications of the pulmonary vasculature. The immunological pathogenesis of PAH is known as a complex interplay between immune cells and vascular stromal cells, via direct contacts and/or their production of extra-cellular/diffusible factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. These include, the B-cell-mast-cell axis, endothelium mediated fibroblast activation and subsequent M2 macrophage polarization, anti-endothelial cell antibodies and the versatile role of IL-6 on vascul

SUBMITTER: Tobal R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8727487 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature