Prognostic Biomarkers in Uveal Melanoma: The Status Quo, Recent Advances and Future Directions.

ABSTRACT: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common malignant intraocular tumour in the adult population. It is a rare cancer with an incidence of nearly five cases per million inhabitants per year, which develops from the uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes in the choroid (≈90%), ciliary body (≈6%) or iris (≈4%). Patients initially present either with symptoms like blurred vision or photopsia, or without symptoms, with the tumour being detected in routine eye exams. Over the course of the disease, metastases, which are initially dormant, develop in nearly 50% of patients, preferentially in the liver. Despite decades of intensive research, the only approach proven to mildly control disease spread are early treatments directed to ablate liver metastases, such as surgical excision or chemoembolizat

SUBMITTER: Lamas NJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8749988 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature