Dataset Information

Genome-Wide Association Studies of Salt Tolerance at Seed Germination and Seedling Stages in Brassica napus.

ABSTRACT: Most crops are sensitive to salt stress, but their degree of susceptibility varies among species and cultivars. In order to understand the salt stress adaptability of Brassica napus to salt stress, we collected the phenotypic data of 505 B. napus accessions at the germination stage under 150 or 215 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) and at the seedling stage under 215 mM NaCl. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 16 salt tolerance coefficients (STCs) were applied to investigate the genetic basis of salt stress tolerance of B. napus. In this study, we mapped 31 salts stress-related QTLs and identified 177 and 228 candidate genes related to salt stress tolerance were detected at germination and seedling stages, respectively. Overexpression of two candidate genes, BnCKX5 and BnERF3 overexpression, were found to increase the sensitivity to salt and mannitol stresses at the germination stage. This study demonstrated that it is a feasible method to dissect the genetic basis of salt stress tolerance at germination and seedling stages in B. napus by GWAS, which provides valuable loci for improving the salt stress tolerance of B. napus. Moreover, these candidate genes are rich genetic resources for the following exploration of molecular mechanisms in adaptation to salt stress in B. napus.

SUBMITTER: Zhang G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8766642 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Genome-Wide Association Studies of Salt Tolerance at Seed Germination and Seedling Stages in Brassica napus.

Zhang Guofang G Zhou Jinzhi J Peng Yan Y Tan Zengdong Z Li Long L Yu Liangqian L Jin Cheng C Fang Shuai S Lu Shaoping S Guo Liang L Yao Xuan X

Frontiers in plant science 20220105

Most crops are sensitive to salt stress, but their degree of susceptibility varies among species and cultivars. In order to understand the salt stress adaptability of Brassica napus to salt stress, we collected the phenotypic data of 505 B. napus accessions at the germination stage under 150 or 215 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) and at the seedling stage under 215 mM NaCl. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 16 salt tolerance coefficients (STCs) were applied to investigate the gen ...[more]

PMID: 35069628

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Project description:The Brassica napus (oilseed rape) accession 1012-98 shows a disturbed germination phenotype that was thought to be associated with its lack of testa pigmentation and thin seed coat. Here, we demonstrate that the disturbed germination and seedling development are actually due to independent mutations that disrupt the balance of hormone metabolites and their regulators in the seeds. High-throughput UPLC-MS/MS hormone profiling of seeds and seedlings before and after germination revealed that 1012-98 has a severely disturbed hormone balance with extremely atypical, excessive quantities of auxin and ABA metabolites. The resulting hypersensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) and a corresponding increase in dormancy often results in death of the embryo after imbibition or high frequencies of disturbed, often lethal developmental phenotypes, resembling Arabidopsis mutants for the auxin regulatory factor gene ARF10 or the auxin-overproducing transgenic line iaaM-OX. Molecular cloning of Brassica ARF10 orthologs revealed four loci in normal B. napus, two derived from the Brassica A genome and two from the C genome. On the other hand, the phenotypic mutant 1012-98 exhibited amplification of C-genome BnaC.ARF10 copy number along with a chimeric allele originating from recombination between homeologous A and C genome loci which lead to minor increase of Bna.ARF10 transcription on the critical timepoint for seed germination, the indirect regulator of ABI3, the germinative inhibitor. Bna.GH3.5 expression was upregulated to conjugate free auxin to IAA-asp between 2 and 6 DAS. Functional amino acid changes were also found in important DNA binding domains of one BnaC.ARF10 locus, suggesting that regulatory changes in Bna.ARF10 are collectively responsible for the observed phenotpyes in 1012-98. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report disruption of germination and seedling development in Brassica napus caused by the crosstalk of auxin-ABA and the corresponding regulators Bna.ARF10 and Bna.GH3.5.

Project description:Seed germination is a complex trait determined by the interaction of hormonal, metabolic, genetic, and environmental components. Variability of this trait in crops has a big impact on seedling establishment and yield in the field. Classical studies of this trait in crops have focused mainly on the analyses of one level of regulation in the cascade of events leading to seed germination. We have carried out an integrative and extensive approach to deepen our understanding of seed germination in Brassica napus by generating transcriptomic, metabolic, and hormonal data at different stages upon seed imbibition. Deep phenotyping of different seed germination-associated traits in six winter-type B. napus accessions has revealed that seed germination kinetics, in particular seed germination speed, are major contributors to the variability of this trait. Metabolic profiling of these accessions has allowed us to describe a common pattern of metabolic change and to identify the levels of malate and aspartate metabolites as putative metabolic markers to estimate germination performance. Additionally, analysis of seed content of different hormones suggests that hormonal balance between ABA, GA, and IAA at crucial time points during this process might underlie seed germination differences in these accessions. In this study, we have also defined the major transcriptome changes accompanying the germination process in B. napus. Furthermore, we have observed that earlier activation of key germination regulatory genes seems to generate the differences in germination speed observed between accessions in B. napus. Finally, we have found that protein-protein interactions between some of these key regulator are conserved in B. napus, suggesting a shared regulatory network with other plant species. Altogether, our results provide a comprehensive and detailed picture of seed germination dynamics in oilseed rape. This new framework will be extremely valuable not only to evaluate germination performance of B. napus accessions but also to identify key targets for crop improvement in this important process.

Dataset Information

Genome-Wide Association Studies of Salt Tolerance at Seed Germination and Seedling Stages in Brassica napus.

Publications

Genome-Wide Association Studies of Salt Tolerance at Seed Germination and Seedling Stages in <i>Brassica napus</i>.

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