Association Between Suicidality and Risky Driving Among US Adolescents-Results From the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ganson KT
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8767486 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Association Between Suicidality and Risky Driving Among US Adolescents-Results From the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey.
Ganson Kyle T KT Testa Alexander A Jackson Dylan B DB Nagata Jason M JM
JAMA pediatrics 20220401 4
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Project description:We examined differences in suicidality based on gender identity while adjusting for known suicide risk factors in a sample of United States adolescents. Using data from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey we used logistic regression models to examine three suicide-related outcomes. Youth were categorized as transgender (1.3%), gender-questioning (1.4%), or cisgender (97.3%). In fully adjusted models, compared to cisgender youth, transgender youth had 2.71 (95% CI 1.50-4.92) higher odds of past-year suicide attempts and 2.54 (95% CI 1.05-6.15) higher odds of past-year suicide attempts requiring treatment. Gender-questioning youth had 2.31 (95% CI 1.48-3.60) higher odds of past-year suicidal ideation compared to cisgender youth. Policies and interventions are needed to reduce suicidality among gender minority youth, improve access to mental healthcare, and reduce peer victimization and substance use.
| S-EPMC7176535 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceHandheld cellphone use while driving is associated with increased motor vehicle crash risk among adolescents.ObjectiveTo examine the association of handheld cellphone use while driving with kinematic risky driving (KRD) events-hard braking and rapid acceleration-in adolescent drivers.Design, setting, participantsAdolescents aged 16.50 to 17.99 years licensed 365 days or less in Pennsylvania were eligible to participate in this cross-sectional study. Enrollment occurred from July 29, 2021, to June 6, 2022. Participants downloaded a smartphone telematics cellphone app to record driving data for 60 days.ExposuresTrip characteristics, including frequency, length, and duration; presence of speeding; frequency and duration of handheld cellphone use; time of day; and presence of precipitation.Main outcomes and measuresKinematic risky driving events per 100 miles driven. Zero-inflated Poisson regression models examined whether individual characteristics and trip characteristics were associated with KRD. Incidence rate ratios were computed.ResultsOf 405 adolescents who responded to recruitment, 151 enrolled, 140 completed study procedures, and 119 with 12 360 trips were included in the analytic sample (60 female participants [50.4%]; mean [SD] age, 17.2 [0.4] years). Adolescents drove a mean (SD) of 103.8 (65.7) trips, 565.0 (487.3) miles, and 25.1 (19.3) hours. Adolescents had minimal night trips (1.5% [192]), and few trips with precipitation present (9.0% [1097]). Speeding occurred in 43.9% (5428) of the trips and handheld cellphone use occurred in 34.1% (4214) of the trips. Kinematic risky driving events occurred in 10.9% (1358) of the trips at a rate of 2.65 per 100 miles. In adjusted models, increased KRD events were associated with handheld cellphone use (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 2.62; 95% CI, 1.53-4.48), speeding (IRR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.06-4.26), and minutes driving (IRR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.02). Trips at night, precipitation presence, licensure for less than 6 months, and sex were not associated with increased KRD events.ConclusionsIn this cross-sectional study of adolescent drivers, trips with handheld cellphone use and speeding were associated with higher rates of KRD, while individual characteristics were not. The findings suggest that smartphone telematics apps provide an opportunity to observe behaviors as well as surveil changes due to intervention efforts.
| S-EPMC11581603 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose: Policies have been shown to bear a considerable influence on transgender health. The few studies that have examined policy-related health outcomes in adolescent transgender populations have rarely included policies that directly affect them. Our study explores associations between four state-level policies and six health outcomes in a sample of transgender adolescents. Methods: Our analytic sample consisted of adolescents residing in 14 states that used the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey's optional gender identity question in their surveys (n = 107,558). Chi-square analyses were performed to examine differences between transgender and cisgender adolescents in demographic variables and suicidal ideation, depression status, cigarette use, binge drinking, grades in school, and perceptions of school safety. Multivariable logistic regression models were run for transgender adolescents only to examine associations between policies and health outcomes, adjusting for demographics. Results: Transgender adolescents comprised 1.7% (n = 1790) of our sample. Compared with cisgender adolescents, transgender adolescents were more likely to experience adverse health outcomes in chi-square analyses. Multivariable models indicated that transgender adolescents who lived in a state that had explicit transgender guidance in their antidiscrimination laws were less likely to experience depressive symptoms, and those who lived in a state with positive or neutral athlete guidance were less likely to report past 30-day cigarette use. Conclusion: Our study is one of the first to show protective associations between affirming transgender-specific policies and health outcomes in transgender adolescents. Findings could have important implications for policymakers and school administrators.
| S-EPMC10623461 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionTobacco advertisement, promotion, and sponsorship (TAPS) in all forms influences youth smoking behaviors. TAPS exposure enhances their smoking frequency and vulnerability. A 2018 Indonesia Ministry of Health (MoH) Survey showed increased smoking prevalence among youth aged 10-18 years. Thus, our objective was to analyze the relationship between TAPS and the increased Indonesian youth smoking behavior.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of the Indonesian 2019 Global Youth Tobacco Survey. The sample size differed in each variable: current smokers n=3386, ever smoker n=3666, and cigarette consumption per day n=1355. We adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic variables and used logistic regression with youth smoking prevalence as the outcome and TAPS variables as the primary exposures.ResultsThe current male youth smoker prevalence was 38.3%, ever smoker was 67%, and high consumption per day smoker (≥2 cigarettes per day) was 39.1%. Youth respondents exposed to the promotion or sponsorship of cigarette products showed an increase in three smoking behaviors. In particular, when youth respondents were exposed to more than one type of cigarette promotion (AOR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.33-2.09) or noticed one type of cigarette sponsorship (AOR=2.06, 95% CI: 1.44-2.93), their odds of all three smoking behaviors (current smoker, ever smoker, and high consumption smoker) increased.ConclusionsTAPS increase smoking behaviors among Indonesian youth. Therefore, to protect Indonesian youth health in the future, strategic action is needed to reduce youth smoking by banning all forms of TAPS in Indonesia.
| S-EPMC10714413 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC11292446 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThis study explored the association between dietary and suicidal behaviors of Korean adolescents and investigated differences in this association in children of immigrant parents.MethodsThe sample (n=368,138) was collected from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey from 2015 to 2020. Participants who agreed to provide family information (n=313,689) were classified according to their parents' nationality. The study variables were 11 self-reported dietary behaviors, and their composite dietary behaviors (i.e., nutrient deprivation and unhealthy food consumption) that resulted from principal component analysis. The association between study variables and suicide-related outcomes (i.e., suicidal ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempts) was analyzed by multiple logistic regression with adjustment for covariates. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.ResultsParticipants who skipped key meals and foods were more likely to have attemped suicide (aOR [95% CI]: skipping breakfast ≥5 days/wk, 1.28 [1.21 to 1.35]; consuming fruits <1 times/wk: 1.42 [1.32 to 1.52]; consuming vegetables <1 times/wk: 1.72 [1.53 to 1.93]; consuming milk <3 times/wk: 1.07 [0.99 to 1.16]). The associations were prominent in third culture kids (TCKs) (aOR [95% CI]: 2.23 [1.61 to 3.09]; 2.32 [1.61 to 3.35]; 2.63 [1.50 to 4.60]; 1.69 [1.09 to 2.63], respectively). Participants who consumed unhealthy foods (fast food, caffeinated and sugary drinks) more frequently were more likely to have attempted suicide (aOR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.38 to 1.73). This association was also more prominent in TCKs (aOR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.08 to 4.01).ConclusionsOur findings indicate a positive association between unfavorable dietary behaviors and outcomes related to suicide, and this association appears to be notable in adolescents with immigrant parents.
| S-EPMC9350419 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the association between smartphone use and adverse behavioral health outcomes using nationwide Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey data for 2017 and 2020.MethodsThe 2020 data (N = 54,809) were used to analyze the relationships between daily smartphone usage time (non-user, 0-2 h [hour], 2-4 h, 4-6 h, 6-8 h, and > 8 h), and adverse health outcomes (stress, sleep, depression, suicide, substance use, and smartphone overdependence). A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control for confounding variables.ResultsA total of 40,998 adolescents with < 4 h/day and > 4 h/day of usage were included. Adolescents' mean smartphone usage time in 2020 increased compared to that in 2017 (weighted % of > 2 h/day; 64.3% vs. 85.7%). The curvilinear relationships between smartphone usage time and adverse health outcomes were prominent after > 4 h/day. Adolescents using smartphones 2-4 h/day showed no increased adverse health outcomes compared to non-users, except for smartphone overdependence. Using a smartphone > 4 h/day was significantly associated with stress perception (1.16; 1.11-1.22), suicidal ideation (1.22; 1.13-1.31), and substance use (alcohol, 1.66; 1.57-1.75) after PSM.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated the curvilinear relationship between smartphone usage time and adverse health outcomes in adolescents. Our findings can help establish smartphone usage guidelines for adolescents.
| S-EPMC10699629 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Adolescent interpersonal violence victimization is an adverse childhood experience and a serious public health problem for youths, their families, and communities. Violence victimization includes dating violence, sexual violence, and bullying. Youth Risk Behavior Survey data for 2019 were used to examine physical and sexual dating violence; sexual violence by anyone; and bullying victimization, whether on school property or electronic, of U.S. high school students by sex, race/ethnicity, and sexual identity. In addition, this report explores frequency of dating violence and frequency of sexual violence among students who reported these forms of victimization and presents composites of dating violence and bullying. Findings reveal that 8.2% of students reported physical dating violence; 8.2% reported sexual dating violence; 10.8% reported sexual violence by anyone, of which 50% of cases were by a perpetrator other than a dating partner; 19.5% reported bullying on school property; and 15.7% reported electronic bullying victimization during the previous 12 months. Approximately one in eight students reported any dating violence, and one in four reported any bullying victimization. Female students; lesbian, gay, and bisexual students; and students not sure of their sexual identity reported the highest prevalence estimates across all five violence victimization types, any and both forms of dating violence, and any bullying victimization. Non-Hispanic white students reported the highest prevalence of bullying victimization. Among students experiencing physical or sexual dating violence or sexual violence by anyone, the most common frequency reported was one time during the previous year; higher frequency was more prevalent among male students compared with female students. These findings provide a contextual understanding of the prevalence of interpersonal violence of U.S. high school students, highlighting those with highest prevalence. Findings can be used by public health professionals to guide prevention efforts with youths in schools and communities.
| S-EPMC7440202 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Motor-vehicle crashes are a leading cause of death and nonfatal injury among U.S. adolescents, resulting in approximately 2,500 deaths and 300,000 nonfatal injuries each year. Risk for motor-vehicle crashes and resulting injuries and deaths varies, depending on such behaviors as seat belt use or impaired or distracted driving. Improved understanding of adolescents' transportation risk behaviors can guide prevention efforts. Therefore, data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey were analyzed to determine prevalence of transportation risk behaviors, including not always wearing a seat belt, riding with a driver who had been drinking alcohol (riding with a drinking driver), driving after drinking alcohol, and texting or e-mailing while driving. Differences by student characteristics (age, sex, race/ethnicity, academic grades in school, and sexual identity) were calculated. Multivariable analyses controlling for student characteristics examined associations between risk behaviors. Approximately 43.1% of U.S. high school students did not always wear a seat belt and 16.7% rode with a drinking driver during the 30 days before the survey. Approximately 59.9% of students had driven a car during the 30 days before the survey. Among students who drove, 5.4% had driven after drinking alcohol and 39.0% had texted or e-mailed while driving. Prevalence of not always wearing a seat belt was higher among students who were younger, black, or had lower grades. Riding with a drinking driver was higher among Hispanic students or students with lower grades. Driving after drinking alcohol was higher among students who were older, male, Hispanic, or had lower grades. Texting while driving was higher among older students or white students. Few differences existed by sexual identity. Multivariable analyses revealed that students engaging in one transportation risk behavior were more likely to engage in other transportation risk behaviors. Traffic safety and public health professionals can use these findings to reduce transportation risk behaviors by selecting, implementing, and contextualizing the most appropriate and effective strategies for specific populations and for the environment.
| S-EPMC7440196 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Tobacco product use is the leading cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the United States. This report used data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey to assess the following among U.S. high school students: ever use of cigarettes and electronic vapor products, current use (?1 day during the 30 days before the survey) of tobacco products, frequent use (?20 days during the 30 days before the survey) among current users of tobacco products, trends in use over time, and usual source of electronic vapor products among current electronic vapor product users. In 2019, a total of 50.1% of U.S. high school students had ever used electronic vapor products, and 24.1% had ever tried cigarette smoking. Current electronic vapor product use was 32.7%, current cigarette smoking was 6.0%, current cigar smoking was 5.7%, and current smokeless tobacco use was 3.8%. Approximately 36.5% of students were current users of any tobacco product, and 8.2% were current users of two or more tobacco products. Frequent use among users of individual products was 32.6% for electronic vapor products, 28.5% for smokeless tobacco, 22.2% for cigarettes, and 18.4% for cigars. Among current electronic vapor product users who were aged ?17 years, the most commonly reported source was borrowing them from someone else (42.8%). Significant decreases occurred in current cigarette smoking (1991: 27.5%; 2019: 6.0%), cigar smoking (1997: 22.0%; 2019: 5.7%), and smokeless tobacco use (2017: 5.5%; 2019: 3.8%). However, significant increases occurred in current electronic vapor product use (2015: 24.1%; 2019: 32.7%) and any tobacco product use (2017: 19.5%; 2019: 36.5%). Although current cigarette smoking, cigar smoking, and smokeless tobacco use has decreased among high school students, the increased prevalence of electronic vapor product use among youths is concerning. Continued surveillance for all tobacco product use is warranted for guiding and evaluating public health policy at the local, state, tribal, and national levels.
| S-EPMC7440197 | biostudies-literature