Dataset Information

Characteristics of transmission routes of COVID-19 cluster infections in Gangwon Province, Korea.

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the characteristics of transmission routes of COVID-19 cluster infections (⩾10 linked cases within a short period) in Gangwon Province between 22 February 2020 and 31 May 2021. Transmission routes were divided into five major categories and 35 sub-categories according to the relationship between the infector and the infectee and the location of transmission. A total of 61 clusters occurred during the study period, including 1741 confirmed cases (55.7% of all confirmed cases (n = 3125)). The the five major routes of transmission were as follows: 'using (staying in) the same facility (50.7%), 'cohabiting family members' (23.3%), 'social gatherings with acquaintances' (10.8%), 'other transmission routes' (7.0%), and 'social gatherings with non-cohabiting family members/relatives' (5.5%). For transmission caused by using (staying in) the same facility, the highest number of confirmed cases was associated with churches, followed by medical institutions (inpatient), sports facilities, military bases, offices, nightlife businesses, schools, restaurants, day-care centres and kindergarten, and service businesses. Our analysis highlights specific locations with frequent transmission of infections, and transmission routes that should be targeted in situations where adherence to disease control rules is difficult.

SUBMITTER: Lim C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8770846 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Characteristics of transmission routes of COVID-19 cluster infections in Gangwon Province, Korea.

Lim Chaeyun C Nam Youngju Y Oh Won Sup WS Ham Sugeun S Kim Eunmi E Kim Myeonggi M Kim Saerom S Kim Yeojin Y Jeong Seungmin S

Epidemiology and infection 20220107

This study investigated the characteristics of transmission routes of COVID-19 cluster infections (⩾10 linked cases within a short period) in Gangwon Province between 22 February 2020 and 31 May 2021. Transmission routes were divided into five major categories and 35 sub-categories according to the relationship between the infector and the infectee and the location of transmission. A total of 61 clusters occurred during the study period, including 1741 confirmed cases (55.7% of all confirmed cas ...[more]

PMID: 34991757

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Project description:BackgroundHantaan orthohantavirus (Hantaan virus, HTNV), harbored by Apodemus agrarius (the striped field mouse), causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. Viral genome-based surveillance at new expansion sites to identify HFRS risks plays a critical role in tracking the infection source of orthohantavirus outbreak. In the Republic of Korea (ROK), most studies demonstrated the serological prevalence and genetic diversity of orthohantaviruses collected from HFRS patients or rodents in Gyeonggi Province. Gangwon Province is a HFRS-endemic area with a high incidence of patients and prevalence of infected rodents, ROK. However, the continued epidemiology and surveillance of orthohantavirus remain to be investigated.Methodology/principal findingsWhole-genome sequencing of HTNV was accomplished in small mammals collected in Gangwon Province during 2015-2018 by multiplex PCR-based next-generation sequencing. To elucidate the geographic distribution and molecular diversity of viruses, we conducted phylogenetic analyses of HTNV tripartite genomes. We inferred the hybrid zone using cline analysis to estimate the geographic contact between two different HTNV lineages in the ROK. The graph incompatibility based reassortment finder performed reassortment analysis. A total of 12 HTNV genome sequences were completely obtained from A. agrarius newly collected in Gangwon Province. The phylogenetic and cline analyses demonstrated the genetic diversity and hybrid zone of HTNV in the ROK. Genetic exchange analysis suggested the possibility of reassortments in Cheorwon-gun, a highly HFRS-endemic area.Conclusions/significanceThe prevalence and distribution of HTNV in HFRS-endemic areas of Gangwon Province enhanced the phylogeographic map for orthohantavirus outbreak monitoring in ROK. This study revealed the hybrid zone reflecting the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of HTNV circulating in Gangwon Province. The results arise awareness of rodent-borne orthohantavirus diseases for physicians in the endemic area of ROK.

Project description:The current epidemiological status of the new coronary pneumonia epidemic in China is being explored to prevent and control the localized dissemination of aggregated outbreaks. This study analyzed the characteristics of new outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at three stages of aggregated outbreaks in Jilin Province, China, to provide a reference for the prevention and control of aggregated outbreaks. Case information were collected from all patients in Jilin Province from January 12, 2020 to the present. The epidemic was divided into three stages according to the time of onset. The first stage comprised 97 cases reported from January 12, 2020 to February 19, 2020, during which 17 aggregated outbreaks occurred. The second comprised 43 cases reported from April 25, 2020 and May 23, 2020, involving one aggregated outbreak. The third comprised 435 cases reported on January 10, 2021 and February 9, 2021, involving one aggregated outbreak. The relationship between aggregated and non-aggregated cases in the first phase of the outbreak and the difference between imported and local cases during the aggregated outbreak were assess using statistical analysis, and the differences in the baseline information between the three phases were analyzed. The incubation periods of the three phases were 10 days, 8 days, and 5 days. The number of aggregated epidemic events in Jilin Province tended to increase and then decrease over time. The clustered events in Jilin Province were divided into four categories: household contact (14 times, 51 cases); household contact and public places (one time, three cases); household contact, public places, and gatherings (one time, six cases); and household contact, public places, gatherings, and work (three times, 495 cases). Clustered events occurred mainly between January 22, 2020, and February 4, 2020. Among all cases in the first phase of the outbreak, the method of detection and the time from diagnosis to discharge were longer in aggregated cases than in non-aggregated cases, and that the source of infection and renewal cases were more frequent and more likely to be detected in the outpatient clinics during aggregated outbreaks than the imported cases. The second phase of the epidemic showed significant spatial variability (Moran's I<0, P<0.05). The third stage of the epidemic occurred in a higher proportion of individuals aged 50-90 years and within a shorter incubation period compared with the first two stages. The current focus of prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic in Jilin Province is to strictly implement the restrictions on gatherings and to perform timely screening and isolation of close contacts of infectious sources while strengthening the supervision of the inflow of people from outside the region. Simultaneously, more targeted prevention and control measures can be implemented for different age groups and occupations.

Dataset Information

Characteristics of transmission routes of COVID-19 cluster infections in Gangwon Province, Korea.

Publications

Characteristics of transmission routes of COVID-19 cluster infections in Gangwon Province, Korea.

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