Dataset Information

Fluorescent Polypropylene Nanoplastics for Studying Uptake, Biodistribution, and Excretion in Zebrafish Embryos.

ABSTRACT: Nanoplastics (NPs) are emerging environmental pollutants and are a significant concern for human health. The small size of NPs allows them to accumulate within and adversely affect various tissues by penetrating the gastrointestinal barrier. However, most toxicity studies on NPs have been based on commercial polystyrene nanoparticles. Among plastics, polypropylene (PP) is one of the most widely used, and it is continuously micronized in the environment. Although PP has high potential for forming NPs by weathering, little is known about the biological effects of polypropylene nanoplastics (PPNPs) due to a lack of particle models. Here, we present a simple and high-yield method for PPNP production by nonsolvent-induced phase separation. The synthesized PPNPs were spherical in shape, with an average diameter of 562.15 ± 118.47 nm and a high yield of over 84%. These PPNPs were fluorescently labeled by the combined swelling-diffusion method to study their biodistribution after exposure to developing zebrafish embryos (ZFEs). We found that the fluorescent PPNPs were internalized by ingestion, distributed in the intestine of developing ZFEs, and eventually excreted. This study will aid evaluations of the potential risks of environmentally relevant plastics at the nanoscale.

SUBMITTER: Lee WS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8771955 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fluorescent Polypropylene Nanoplastics for Studying Uptake, Biodistribution, and Excretion in Zebrafish Embryos.

Lee Wang Sik WS Kim Hyunjung H Sim Yugyeong Y Kang Taejoon T Jeong Jinyoung J

ACS omega 20220104 2

Nanoplastics (NPs) are emerging environmental pollutants and are a significant concern for human health. The small size of NPs allows them to accumulate within and adversely affect various tissues by penetrating the gastrointestinal barrier. However, most toxicity studies on NPs have been based on commercial polystyrene nanoparticles. Among plastics, polypropylene (PP) is one of the most widely used, and it is continuously micronized in the environment. Although PP has high potential for forming ...[more]

PMID: 35071934

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Project description:Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) characterized by large surface area, pore volume, tunable chemistry, and biocompatibility have been widely studied in nanomedicine as imaging and therapeutic carriers. Most of these studies focused on spherical particles. In contrast, mesoporous silica rods (MSR) that are more challenging to prepare have been less investigated in terms of toxicity, cellular uptake, or biodistribution. Interestingly, previous studies showed that silica rods penetrate fibrous tissues or mucus layers more efficiently than their spherical counterparts. Recently, we reported the synthesis of MSR with distinct aspect ratios and validated their use in multiple imaging modalities by loading the pores with maghemite nanocrystals and functionalizing the silica surface with green and red fluorophores. Herein, based on an initial hypothesis of high liver accumulation of the MSR and a future vision that they could be used for early diagnosis or therapy in fibrotic liver diseases; the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of MSR were assessed in zebrafish liver (ZFL) cells and the in vivo safety and biodistribution was investigated via fluorescence molecular imaging (FMI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) employing zebrafish larvae and rodents. The selection of these animal models was prompted by the well-established fatty diet protocols inducing fibrotic liver in zebrafish or rodents that serve to investigate highly prevalent liver conditions such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Our study demonstrated that magnetic MSR do not cause cytotoxicity in ZFL cells regardless of the rods' length and surface charge (for concentrations up to 50 μg ml-1, 6 h) and that MSR are taken up by the ZFL cells in large amounts despite their length of ∼1 μm. In zebrafish larvae, it was observed that they could be safely exposed to high MSR concentrations (up to 1 mg ml-1 for 96 h) and that the rods pass through the liver without causing toxicity. The high accumulation of MSR in rodents' livers at short post-injection times (20% of the administered dose) was confirmed by both FMI and MRI, highlighting the utility of the MSR for liver imaging by both techniques. Our results could open new avenues for the use of rod-shaped silica particles in the diagnosis of pathological liver conditions.

Dataset Information

Fluorescent Polypropylene Nanoplastics for Studying Uptake, Biodistribution, and Excretion in Zebrafish Embryos.

Publications

Fluorescent Polypropylene Nanoplastics for Studying Uptake, Biodistribution, and Excretion in Zebrafish Embryos.

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