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Photolysis of Fluorinated Graphites with Embedded Acetonitrile Using a White-Beam Synchrotron Radiation.

ABSTRACT: Fluorinated graphitic layers with good mechanical and chemical stability, polar C-F bonds, and tunable bandgap are attractive for a variety of applications. In this work, we investigated the photolysis of fluorinated graphites with interlayer embedded acetonitrile, which is the simplest representative of the acetonitrile-containing photosensitizing family. The samples were continuously illuminated in situ with high-brightness non-monochromatized synchrotron radiation. Changes in the compositions of the samples were monitored using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The NEXAFS N K-edge spectra showed that acetonitrile dissociates to form HCN and N2 molecules after exposure to the white beam for 2 s, and the latter molecules completely disappear after exposure for 200 s. The original composition of fluorinated matrices CF0.3 and CF0.5 is changed to CF0.10 and GF0.17, respectively. The highly fluorinated layers lose fluorine atoms together with carbon neighbors, creating atomic vacancies. The edges of vacancies are terminated with the nitrogen atoms and form pyridinic and pyrrolic units. Our in situ studies show that the photolysis products of acetonitrile depend on the photon irradiation duration and composition of the initial CFx matrix. The obtained results evaluate the radiation damage of the acetonitrile-intercalated fluorinated graphites and the opportunities to synthesize nitrogen-doped graphene materials.

SUBMITTER: Semushkina GI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8779973 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Photolysis of Fluorinated Graphites with Embedded Acetonitrile Using a White-Beam Synchrotron Radiation.

Semushkina Galina I GI Fedoseeva Yuliya V YV Makarova Anna A AA Smirnov Dmitry A DA Asanov Igor P IP Pinakov Dmitry V DV Chekhova Galina N GN Okotrub Alexander V AV Bulusheva Lyubov G LG

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) 20220111 2

Fluorinated graphitic layers with good mechanical and chemical stability, polar C-F bonds, and tunable bandgap are attractive for a variety of applications. In this work, we investigated the photolysis of fluorinated graphites with interlayer embedded acetonitrile, which is the simplest representative of the acetonitrile-containing photosensitizing family. The samples were continuously illuminated in situ with high-brightness non-monochromatized synchrotron radiation. Changes in the compositions ...[more]

PMID: 35055249

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Project description:PurposeBoth local tumor control and distant metastasis are important indicators of the efficacy of radiation therapy treatment. Synchrotron microbeam radiation therapy (MRT), spatially fractionated radiation delivered at ultrahigh dose rates, shows remarkable normal tissue sparing with excellent local control in some models. Some MRT regimens trigger an antitumor immune response that contributes not only to the local but also to systemic treatment efficacy. Despite recent advances in the treatment of primary breast cancer, metastatic disease is still the major cause of treatment failure in the clinic. Here, in an aggressive preclinical triple-negative breast cancer model, we compared local tumor response and metastasis following different MRT treatment programs.Methods and materials4T1.2 mouse mammary tumors were treated with 300 Gy peak/7 Gy valley dose MRT and/or 8 Gy broad beam (BB) radiation, all delivered as daily fractionated programs (3 consecutive daily sessions of either MRT or BB or 1 MRT combined with 2 BB sessions, the first or last of the 3 fractions). The mice were euthanized on day 9 post last irradiation, when unirradiated control animals reached an ethical endpoint. Primary tumors were collected to evaluate immune cell prevalence, while lungs, spinal cords, and locoregional lymph nodes were collected to measure metastatic burden. In parallel, local tumor growth and survival were monitored.ResultsThe combined MRT/BB treatment shifted the balance between pro- and antitumorigenic macrophages toward the accumulation of antitumorigenic macrophages in the tumor. Monitoring of the tumor volume and animal health indicated the benefit of the combined MRT/BB treatment for local control and treatment tolerance, while animal survival was only marginally longer for one combined schedule. The metastatic burden was similar for all 4 treatment schedules.ConclusionsThe addition of a single MRT to BB treatment improved the primary tumor response. This provides a basis for future experiments incorporating adjuvant immunotherapy or chemotherapy to improve local and systemic treatment outcomes.

Dataset Information

Photolysis of Fluorinated Graphites with Embedded Acetonitrile Using a White-Beam Synchrotron Radiation.

Publications

Photolysis of Fluorinated Graphites with Embedded Acetonitrile Using a White-Beam Synchrotron Radiation.

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