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Overview of Cancer Control in Armenia and Policy Implications.

ABSTRACT: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Armenia. Over the past two decades, the country has seen a significant rise in cancer morbidity and mortality. This review aims to provide up-to-date info about the state of cancer control in Armenia and identify priority areas of research. The paper analyzes published literature and local and international statistical reports on Armenia and similar countries to put numbers into context. While cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment are improving, the prevalence of risk factors is still quite high and smoking is widespread. Early detection rates are low and several important screening programs are absent. Diagnosis and treatment methods are not standardized; there is a lack of treatment accessibility due to insufficient government coverage and limited availability of essential medicines. Overall, there is room for improvement in this sector, as research is limited and multidisciplinary approaches to the topic are rare.

SUBMITTER: Bedirian K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8787108 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Overview of Cancer Control in Armenia and Policy Implications.

Bedirian Karen K Aghabekyan Tigran T Mesrobian Arianna A Shekherdimian Shant S Zohrabyan Davit D Safaryan Liana L Sargsyan Lilit L Avagyan Armen A Harutyunyan Lilit L Voskanyan Astghik A Tadevosyan Artashes A Melik-Nubaryan Davit D Khachatryan Parandzem P Saghatelyan Tatul T Kostanyan Mher M Vardevanyan Hovhannes H Hovhannisyan Marine M Sarkisian Tamara T Sargsyan Karine K Babikyan Davit D Tananyan Armen A Danielyan Samvel S Muradyan Armen A Tamamyan Gevorg G Bardakhchyan Samvel S

Frontiers in oncology 20220111

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Armenia. Over the past two decades, the country has seen a significant rise in cancer morbidity and mortality. This review aims to provide up-to-date info about the state of cancer control in Armenia and identify priority areas of research. The paper analyzes published literature and local and international statistical reports on Armenia and similar countries to put numbers into context. While cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment are improving ...[more]

PMID: 35087754

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Project description:BackgroundSmoke-free policies shown to reduce population exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) are the norm in hospitals in many countries around the world. Armenia, a transition economy in the South Caucasus, has one of the highest male smoking rates in the European region. Although smoking in healthcare facilities has been banned since 2005, compliance with this ban has been poor due to lack of implementation and enforcement mechanisms and social acceptability of smoking. The study aimed to develop and test a model intervention to address the lack of compliance with the de jure smoking ban. The national oncology hospital was chosen as the intervention site.MethodsThis study used employee surveys and objective measurements of respirable particles (PM2.5) and air nicotine as markers of indoor air pollution before and after the intervention. The intervention developed in partnership with the hospital staff included an awareness campaign on SHS hazards, creation of no-smoking environment and building institutional capacity through training of nursing personnel on basics of tobacco control. The survey analysis included paired t-test and McNemar's test. The log-transformed air nicotine and PM2.5 data were analyzed using paired t-test.ResultsThe survey showed significant improvement in the perceived quality of indoor air, reduced worksite exposure to SHS and increased employees' awareness of the smoke-free policy. The number of employees reporting compliance with the hospital smoke-free policy increased from 36.0% to 71.9% (p < 0.001). The overall indoor PM2.5 concentration decreased from 222 μg/m3 GM (95% CI = 216-229) to 112 μg/m3 GM (95% CI = 99-127). The overall air nicotine level reduced from 0.59 μg/ m3 GM (95% CI = 0.38-0.91) to 0.48 μg/ m3 GM (95% CI = 0.25-0.93).ConclusionsThe three-faceted intervention developed and implemented in partnership with the hospital administration and staff was effective in reducing worksite SHS exposure in the hospital. This model can facilitate a tangible improvement in compliance with smoke-free policies as the first step toward a smoke-free hospital and serve as a model for similar settings in transition countries such Armenia that have failed to implement the adopted smoke-free policies.

Dataset Information

Overview of Cancer Control in Armenia and Policy Implications.

Publications

Overview of Cancer Control in Armenia and Policy Implications.

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