Dataset Information

Trends in hepatocellular carcinoma incident cases in Japan between 1996 and 2019.

ABSTRACT: We examined the epidemiological trends, including the distribution of sex, age, and disease etiology, in HCC incident cases, over 24 years. Data of 20,547 HCC patients (1996-2019) were analyzed in this prospective study. We divided the study period into four 6-yearly quarters. HCC etiology was categorized as hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, HBV + hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, HCV infection, and both negative (non-BC). The incident cases of HCC per quarter of the study period were 4311 (21.0%), 5505 (26.8%), 5776 (28.1%), and 4955 (24.1%), sequentially. Overall, 14,020 (68.2%) patients were male. The number of HCC cases in patients < 60 years, 60-69 years, 70-79 years, and ≥ 80 years were 3711 (18.1%), 6652 (32.4%), 7448 (36.2%), and 2736 (13.3%), respectively. The average age of newly-diagnosed patients increased in each quarter. HCC was associated with HBV, HBV + HCV, and HCV infections and non-BC in 2997 (14.6%), 187 (0.9%), and 12,019 (58.5%), and 5344 (26.0%) cases, respectively. The number of HCV-associated cases decreased in each quarter, while that of non-BC-associated cases increased. HCC incident cases tend to increase in the elderly and in non-BC patients; in contrast, HCC incident cases due to HCV tend to decrease.

SUBMITTER: Nakano M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8795252 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Trends in hepatocellular carcinoma incident cases in Japan between 1996 and 2019.

Nakano Masahito M Yatsuhashi Hiroshi H Bekki Shigemune S Takami Yuko Y Tanaka Yasuhito Y Yoshimaru Yoko Y Honda Koichi K Komorizono Yasuji Y Harada Masaru M Shibata Michihiko M Sakisaka Shotaro S Shakado Satoshi S Nagata Kenji K Yoshizumi Tomoharu T Itoh Shinji S Sohda Tetsuro T Oeda Satoshi S Nakao Kazuhiko K Sasaki Ryu R Yamashita Tsutomu T Ido Akio A Mawatari Seiichi S Nakamuta Makoto M Aratake Yoshifusa Y Matsumoto Shuichi S Maeshiro Tatsuji T Goto Takashi T Torimura Takuji T

Scientific reports 20220127 1

We examined the epidemiological trends, including the distribution of sex, age, and disease etiology, in HCC incident cases, over 24 years. Data of 20,547 HCC patients (1996-2019) were analyzed in this prospective study. We divided the study period into four 6-yearly quarters. HCC etiology was categorized as hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, HBV + hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, HCV infection, and both negative (non-BC). The incident cases of HCC per quarter of the study period were 4311 (21 ...[more]

PMID: 35087153

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Project description:Introduction: Data on temporal trends in guideline-based medical and device therapies in real-world chronic heart failure (HF) patients are lacking. Methods: Register-based nationwide follow-ups of temporal trends in characteristics, guideline-recommended therapies, one-year all-cause mortality, and HF rehospitalizations in incident HF patients in Denmark during 1996-2019. Results: Among 291,720 incident HF patients, the age at the onset of HF was stable over time. While initially fairly equal, the sex distribution markedly changed over time with more incidents occurring in men overall. Hypertension and diabetes increased significantly over time, while other comorbidities remained stable. Between 1996 and 2019, significant increases in angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II-receptor blocker (ACEi/ARB) therapy (38.2% to 69.9%), beta-blocker therapy (15.5% to 70.6%), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) therapy (11.8% to 34.5%) were seen. Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) were introduced in the middle of the past decade, with minor increases but overall low uses: ARNI (2015: 0.1% vs. 2019: 3.9%) and SGLT2i (2012: <0.1% vs. 2019: 3.9%). Between 1999 and 2019, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) use increased significantly: 0.1% to 3-4%. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) use similarly increased between 2000 and 2019: 0.2% to 2.3%. Between 1996 and 2019, one-year all-cause mortality decreased significantly: 34.6% to 20.9%, as did HF rehospitalizations (6% to 1.3%). Conclusions: Among 291,720 incident HF patients in Denmark during 1996-2019, significant increases in the use of ACEi/ARB, beta-blockers, MRAs, and devices were seen, with concurrent significant decreases in the one-year all-cause mortality and HF rehospitalization rates. The use of CRT, ARNI, and SGLT2i remained low, and MRAs were relatively underutilized, thereby representing future targets to potentially further improve HF prognoses.

Project description:ImportancePeople with HIV (PWH) are often coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV), leading to increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but few cohort studies have had sufficient power to describe the trends of HCC incidence and risk among PWH in the combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) era.ObjectiveTo determine the temporal trends of HCC incidence rates (IRs) and to compare rates by risk factors among PWH in the cART era.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study used data from the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) study, which was conducted between 1996 and 2015. NA-ACCORD pooled individual-level data from 22 HIV clinical and interval cohorts of PWH in the US and Canada. PWH aged 18 years or older with available CD4 cell counts and HIV RNA data were enrolled. Data analyses were completed in March 2020.ExposuresHBV infection was defined as detection of either HBV surface antigen, HBV e antigen, or HBV DNA in serum or plasma any time during observation. HCV infection was defined by detection of anti-HCV seropositivity, HCV RNA, or detectable genotype in serum or plasma at any time under observation.Main outcomes and measuresHCC diagnoses were identified on the basis of review of medical records or cancer registry linkage.ResultsOf 109 283 PWH with 723 441 person-years of follow-up, the median (interquartile range) age at baseline was 43 (36-51) years, 93 017 (85.1%) were male, 44 752 (40.9%) were White, 44 322 (40.6%) were Black, 21 343 (19.5%) had HCV coinfection, 6348 (5.8%) had HBV coinfection, and 2082 (1.9%) had triple infection; 451 individuals received a diagnosis of HCC by 2015. Between the early (1996-2000) and modern (2006-2015) cART eras, the crude HCC IR increased from 0.28 to 0.75 case per 1000 person-years. HCC IRs remained constant among HIV-monoinfected persons or those coinfected with HBV, but from 1996 to 2015, IRs increased among PWH coinfected with HCV (from 0.34 cases/1000 person-years in 1996 to 2.39 cases/1000 person-years in 2015) or those with triple infection (from 0.65 cases/1000 person-years in 1996 to 4.49 cases/1000 person-years in 2015). Recent HIV RNA levels greater than or equal to 500 copies/mL (IR ratio, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.4-2.4) and CD4 cell counts less than or equal to 500 cells/μL (IR ratio, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0-1.6) were associated with higher HCC risk in the modern cART era. People who injected drugs had higher HCC risk compared with men who had sex with men (IR ratio, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.3-2.9), adjusted for HBV-HCV coinfection.Conclusions and relevanceHCC rates among PWH increased significantly over time from 1996 to 2015. PWH coinfected with viral hepatitis, those with higher HIV RNA levels or lower CD4 cell counts, and those who inject drugs had higher HCC risk.

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Dataset Information

Trends in hepatocellular carcinoma incident cases in Japan between 1996 and 2019.

Publications

Trends in hepatocellular carcinoma incident cases in Japan between 1996 and 2019.

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