Dataset Information

Cesarean section and breastfeeding outcomes in an Indigenous Qom community with high breastfeeding support.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objectives

Cesarean section may lead to suboptimal breastfeeding outcomes, though evidence has been mixed. Factors, such as premature birth, birth weight and maternal age may independently increase risk of cesarean and hinder breastfeeding initiation, while maternal preferences, support and sociostructural barriers may influence breastfeeding practices beyond the immediate postpartum period.

Methodology

We assessed impacts of cesarean section and gestational factors on breastfeeding duration among Indigenous Qom mothers in Argentina who have strong traditional breastfeeding support. We modeled transitions from exclusive breastfeeding to complementary feeding and from complementary feeding to full weaning in a Bayesian time-to-event framework with birth mode and gestational covariates (n = 89 infants).

Results

Estimated median time to full weaning was 30 months. Cesarean-delivered babies were weaned an average of 5 months later adjusting for gestational age, maternal parity and infant sex. No factors were associated with time-to-complementary feeding, and time-to-complementary feeding was not associated with time-to-full weaning.

Conclusions and implications

Among Indigenous Qom mothers in Argentina, cesarean section was not associated with suboptimal breastfeeding outcomes. Although some Qom mothers do experience early breastfeeding problems, particularly following first birth, problems are not more frequent following cesarean delivery. Traditional postpartum kin and community support during prolonged postpartum periods may be instrumental in helping mothers to overcome early breastfeeding problems due to cesarean or other risk factors.

SUBMITTER: Martin M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8830290 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Cesarean section and breastfeeding outcomes in an Indigenous Qom community with high breastfeeding support.

Martin Melanie M Keith Monica M Olmedo Sofía S Edwards Deja D Barrientes Alicia A Pan Anwesha A Valeggia Claudia C

Evolution, medicine, and public health 20220104 1

<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Cesarean section may lead to suboptimal breastfeeding outcomes, though evidence has been mixed. Factors, such as premature birth, birth weight and maternal age may independently increase risk of cesarean and hinder breastfeeding initiation, while maternal preferences, support and sociostructural barriers may influence breastfeeding practices beyond the immediate postpartum period.<h4>Methodology</h4>We assessed impacts of cesarean section and gestational factors ...[more]

PMID: 35154778

Similar Datasets

Project description:Mexico has a high rate of cesarean sections and one of the lowest prevalences of exclusive breastfeeding in all of Latin America. There are known factors that can compensate for the disadvantages and drawbacks of cesarean delivery over breastfeeding. In terms of studying the variations of breastfeeding experiences, this work specifically concentrates on exploring different changes in the technique of cesarean section, related to immediate Skin-to-Skin Contact for women with high and low risk pregnancies, which may in turn influence Maternal Satisfaction and the choice of Prolonged Breastfeeding. A convenience sample of (n = 150) women who underwent cesarean section in a private hospital in Mexico between the years 2015-2020 participated in this study, the participants answered a structured interview protocol designed for the specific purposes of this study. The analysis was guided grounded theory. The majority of these participants (n = 121, 82.3%) were in labor before entering a cesarean section. The most common indications for cesarean section were those of active-phase arrest and regarding maternal complications, previous cesarean sections (n = 59) and hypertensive complications (n = 15) were the most frequent. For fetal complications, non-cephalic fetal positions (n = 12) were reported as the most common. Despite the different conditions of their cesarean sections, almost all the women experienced Skin-to-Skin Contact during the cesarean section. Almost all of them managed to breastfeed for more than 6 months and many of them breastfed their babies for up to 2 years. The main factors associated to prolonged breastfeeding and satisfaction were higher education degrees, immediate skin-to-skin contact during surgery and counseling on breastfeeding after the baby was born. Our findings highlight the importance of considering adjustments during and after a cesarean section, making it more focused on women and toward better probabilities of achieving prolonged breastfeeding in Mexican women. This being a first step for future studies of direct interventions in the breastfeeding process, such as the management of skin-to-skin contact and professional support after birth for guided breastfeeding.

Project description:BackgroundThe implementation of early essential newborn care (EENC) is important to maternal and neonatal health. However, few studies have conducted a complete procedure of EENC in cesarean section. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of EENC during and after cesarean section.MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China. Full-term pregnant women who had no comorbidities and underwent elective cesarean section were recruited and received EENC intervention or routine health care. The Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool (IBFAT), the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF), a questionnaire of the breastfeeding behavior, the Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (MPAS) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were used to collect data. The correlation between EENC implementation and breastfeeding, maternal-infant attachment, postpartum depression, and other maternal and neonatal outcomes was analyzed.ResultsMother-newborn pairs (N = 157) were enrolled in this study, 78 in the EENC group and 79 in the control group. A total of 155 (98.8%) were followed up at 14 days, 144 (91.7%) at 42 days, and 123 (78.3%) at 3 months. For the primary outcomes, generalized linear mixed model analysis showed that implementing EENC during cesarean section was beneficial for initiating breastfeeding (OR = 0.021), shortening the breastfeeding initiation time (β = - 45.321), improving the IBFAT scores (β = 2.740), and enhancing breastfeeding self-efficacy (β = 4.880). These effects were not influenced by time interaction. However, no difference was observed in the rate of exclusive breastfeeding between these two groups (P > 0.05). Implementing EENC during cesarean section significantly improved maternal-infant attachment (β = 9.668). Moreover, univariate analysis showed benefits of EENC in improving postpartum depression (P < 0.001) and decreasing maternal perinatal blood loss (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAccording to our small sample study, there is a trend of improvement in breastfeeding related behavior and maternal infant attachment in women who received EENC during cesarean deliveries. The effects of EENC on exclusive breastfeeding should be further explored in the future.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Register at www.chictr.org.cn , ChiCTR2300074760, retrospectively registration. Registration Date: August 15, 2023.

Project description:BackgroundTimely initiation of breastfeeding is feeding of breast milk within one hour of birth, however, three in five babies were not breastfed in the first hour of birth globally. There is evidence that cesarean section is the major constraint for this low prevalence, but the impact of cesarean section on timely initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to provide evidence for policy makers, health professionals and program implementers.MethodsThis systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Electronic bibliographic databases such as PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINHAL, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Cochrane Library were used to search relevant studies and was conducted up to February 2021. Random effects model meta-analysis was applied to estimate the pooled impact of cesarean section on timely initiation of breastfeeding with 95% confidence intervals (CI). I2 statistical test and, funnel plot and Egger's test were used to check heterogeneity and publication bias across included studies respectively.ResultsAccording to meta-analysis of 17 studies, the pooled estimate of timely initiation of breastfeeding among women who had cesarean section in Ethiopia was 40.1% (95% CI 33.29, 46.92). The meta-analysis of 29,919 study participants showed that cesarean section was associated with a 79% lower odds of timely initiation of breastfeeding compared with vaginal birth (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.16, 0.28).ConclusionsIn Ethiopia, almost only one-third of mothers who gave birth by cesarean section initiate breastfeeding within one hour of birth, much lower than the pooled prevalence among general population. Special health promotion, intervention and healthcare provider support during immediate or early skin to skin contact, and having focused breastfeeding guidelines for post-operative patient and trained health professionals should be considered for mothers who give birth through cesarean section.

Project description:BackgroundOptimizing CS performance is a global health priority, given the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with both underuse and overuse. This study aims to (1) determine the facility-based CS rate in Suriname and explore which women are most likely to undergo a CS and (2) classify all CS by the WHO Robson classification and analyze the perinatal outcomes.MethodsAn observational, cross-sectional study in Suriname, using nationwide birth registry data that included all hospital births in 2020 and 2021 (≥ 27 weeks of gestation). We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess maternal and perinatal characteristics associated with CS. We described cesarean births according to the Robson-10 classification and used descriptive statistics to analyze CS frequencies and perinatal outcomes.ResultsWe analyzed the 18,917 women who gave birth in Surinamese hospitals, with an overall 23.9% CS rate (n = 4522/18,917). The highest CS rates were seen among women with a previous CS (69.3%, aOR 16.2, 95% CI 14.4-18.2), BMI > 40 (47.0%, aOR 5.1, 95% CI 4.0-6.5), newborn with a birthweight from or above 4,000 g (37.3%, 2.2, 95% CI 1.6-3.0) and women giving birth at hospital IV (38.5%, aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.6-2.0). Hindustani women were more likely to give birth by CS compared to Maroon women (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.4-2.0). The largest contribution to the overall CS rate was Robson group 5 (i.e. multiparous women with a previous CS and a singleton term pregnancy in cephalic presentation, 30.5%, n = 1,378). Robson group 2 and 4 (i.e. pre-labor CS, or CS after induction, among term women without previous CS and cephalic presentation) contributed to 21.8% (n = 985) of all CS performed. Robson group 1 and 3 (i.e. during spontaneous labor CS among term women without previous CS and cephalic presentation) accounted for 23.3% (n = 1,052) of all CS cases.ConclusionThe facility-based CS rate in Suriname is 24%, with substantial intra-country and inter-hospital variations. These disparities underscore the need for targeted interventions addressing both overuse and underuse of CS. Preventative measures should prioritize promoting safe VBAC, increasing assisted vaginal birth, preventing first-time CS and ongoing monitoring of trends and regular case audits.

Project description:BackgroundJenny dystocia occurs very rarely and is associated mainly with postural defects due to long fetal extremities. However, the management of dystocia in equines is relatively difficult compared with that in other large animals. Owing to the absence of well-described published papers on cesarean section in donkeys, this condition remain life-threatening after unsuccessful surgical intervention.Patient presentationA 4-year-old Jenny with a difficult birth due to a previous car accident presented for 3 consecutive years at different stages of labor onset. Upon early presentation, there was straining and frequent aggressive rolling. Further examination also revealed a fully dilated cervix and narrow pelvic cavity due to the downward bending of the iliac wing. Surgical sites (lower flank, ventral midline, and paramedian) were used for each cesarean section. General anesthesia was used in all three procedures. Additionally, local infiltration of 2% lidocaine along with light general anesthesia was used when the patient presented with a live fetus. In all approaches, surgical sites were prepared for cesarean section, and dead fetuses were removed at the first and third parity due to delayed presentation. However, in the second parity, a live female foal was delivered. In all the approaches, the first layer of uterine closure was made by using a simple continuous suture pattern (biting all the layers of the uterine wall). The sutures were then oversewed with a Cushing suture pattern using # 0 polyglycolic acid. The skin was closed in different suture patterns during each technique using nonabsorbable suture material # 1 silk. Postoperative subcutaneous swelling was observed and regressed gradually in all surgical approaches. The duration of skin suture removal was determined based on the extent of wound healing and the site of the incision.ConclusionThis is the first ever report describing 3 consecutive cesarean sections in the same donkey with pelvic deformity. Thus, this study was able to indicate different approaches for cesarean section in equines. Moreover, owing to the bleeding nature of the equine uterus, simple continuous suturing was the pattern of choice for 1st layer uterine closure. It was also concluded that subcutaneous edema is unavoidable in donkeys.

Project description:ObjectivesTo examine the efficacy of an intervention based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in improving breastfeeding behavior among women with cesarean sections (C-sections).MethodsThis research was a randomized controlled trial. Women with planned elective C-sections were recruited to participate in a randomized controlled trial between June and September 2020. One hundred thirty-two women were divided randomly into the intervention (n = 66) and control group (n = 66) by systematic random sampling. In the intervention group, an intervention project was implemented after the C-section to establish positive breastfeeding attitudes, cultivate supportive subjective norms, enhance perceived behavioral control, and strengthen breastfeeding intention to change behaviors. Those in the control group received routine pre-and post-delivery care. Exclusive breastfeeding rate and breast problem were collected at 5 days, 2 weeks, and 1 month after C-section. The modified Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT) on the first day in the hospital, two weeks, and one month after C-section and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) 24 h postoperatively were used to compare the intervention effect between the two groups.ResultsAfter the intervention, the intervention group had significantly higher exclusive breastfeeding rates than the control group at five days (86.4% vs. 60.6%), two weeks (77.3% vs. 57.6%), and one month (74.2% vs. 50.0%) after the C-section. Besides, the intervention group was less likely to have sore nipples at five days (6.1% vs. 18.2% in the control group, P < 0.05) and two weeks (9.1% vs. 12.1% in the control group, P < 0.05). After two weeks of intervention, attitude scores (90.64 ± 8.31 vs. 87.20 ± 8.15, P < 0.05), subjective norm scores (88.07 ± 24.65 vs. 79.42 ± 19.47, P < 0.05）and behavior control scores in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group. After one month of intervention, attitude scores (90.34 ± 10.35 vs. 84.22 ± 10.51, P < 0.05) and behavior control scores (43.13 ± 5.02 vs. 39.15 ± 4.69, P < 0.05）in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group, which resulted in the higher breastfeeding intention in the intervention group.ConclusionThis study indicated that the TPB-based interventions effectively improved women's breastfeeding behaviors after C-sections.

Dataset Information

Cesarean section and breastfeeding outcomes in an Indigenous Qom community with high breastfeeding support.

Background and objectives

Methodology

Results

Conclusions and implications

Publications

Cesarean section and breastfeeding outcomes in an Indigenous Qom community with high breastfeeding support.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets