Toll-like Receptor 4, Osteoblasts and Leukemogenesis; the Lesson from Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

ABSTRACT: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a pattern-recognizing receptor that can bind exogenous and endogenous ligands. It is expressed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, several bone marrow stromal cells, and nonleukemic cells involved in inflammation. TLR4 can bind a wide range of endogenous ligands that are present in the bone marrow microenvironment. Furthermore, the TLR4-expressing nonleukemic bone marrow cells include various mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, differentiated myeloid cells, and inflammatory/immunocompetent cells. Osteoblasts are important stem cell supporting cells localized to the stem cell niches, and they support the proliferation and survival of primary AML cells. These supporting effects are mediated by the bidirectional crosstalk between AML cells and supportive os

SUBMITTER: Bruserud O 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8838156 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature