Smoking intensity and urinary nicotine metabolites by socioeconomic status in the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Smoking intensity, which is generally based on self-reported average cigarettes per day (CPD), is a major behavioural risk factor and strongly related to socioeconomic status (SES). To assess the validity of the CPD measure, correlations with objective markers of tobacco smoke exposure - such as urinary nicotine metabolites - were examined. Yet, it remains unclear, whether this correlation is affected by SES, which may indicate imprecise or biased self-reports of smoking intensity.

Methods

We investigated the role of SES in the association between CPD and nicotine metabolites in current smokers among the participants of the population-based, prospective Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. We determined urinary cotinine and additionally trans-3'-hydroxy-cotinine. SES was a

SUBMITTER: Hovanec J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8842804 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature