In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Evaluation of the Developmental Toxicity, Estrogenic Activity, and Mutagenicity of Four Natural Phenolic Flavonoids at Low Exposure Levels.

ABSTRACT: Flavonoids are bioactive phenolic compounds widely present in plant food and used in various nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products. However, recent studies showed rising concerns of endocrine disruptions and developmental toxicities for many flavonoids. To understand the impacts of flavonoid structure on toxicity, we used a new multitiered platform to investigate the toxicities of four common flavonoids, luteolin, apigenin, quercetin, and genistein, from flavone, flavonol, and isoflavone. Weak estrogenic activity was detected for four flavonoids (genistein, apigenin, quercetin, and luteolin) at 10^-12 to 10^-7 M by the MCF-7 cell proliferation assay, which agreed with the molecular docking results. Consistent with the simulation results of Toxicity Estima

SUBMITTER: Zhang X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8851455 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature