An Android for Emotional Interaction: Spatiotemporal Validation of Its Facial Expressions.

ABSTRACT: Android robots capable of emotional interactions with humans have considerable potential for application to research. While several studies developed androids that can exhibit human-like emotional facial expressions, few have empirically validated androids' facial expressions. To investigate this issue, we developed an android head called Nikola based on human psychology and conducted three studies to test the validity of its facial expressions. In Study 1, Nikola produced single facial actions, which were evaluated in accordance with the Facial Action Coding System. The results showed that 17 action units were appropriately produced. In Study 2, Nikola produced the prototypical facial expressions for six basic emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise), and naïve pa

SUBMITTER: Sato W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8855677 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature