Underappreciated roles for Rho GDP dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) in cell function: Lessons learned from the pancreatic islet β-cell.

ABSTRACT: Rho subfamily of G proteins (e.g., Rac1) have been implicated in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cell. Interestingly, metabolic stress (e.g., chronic exposure to high glucose) results in sustained activation of Rac1 leading to increased oxidative stress, impaired insulin secretion and β-cell dysfunction. Activation-deactivation of Rho G proteins is mediated by three classes of regulatory proteins, namely the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which facilitate the conversion of inactive G proteins to their active conformations; the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), which convert the active G proteins to their inactive forms); and the GDP-dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which prevent the dissociation of GDP from G proteins. Contrary to a large number of G

SUBMITTER: Kowluru A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8858860 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature