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Coordinated Action of RTBV and RTSV Proteins Suppress Host RNA Silencing Machinery.

ABSTRACT: RNA silencing is as an adaptive immune response in plants that limits the accumulation or spread of invading viruses. Successful virus infection entails countering the RNA silencing machinery for efficient replication and systemic spread in the host. The viruses encode proteins with the ability to suppress or block the host silencing mechanism, resulting in severe pathogenic symptoms and diseases. Tungro is a viral disease caused by a complex of two viruses and it provides an excellent system to understand the host and virus interactions during infection. It is known that Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) is the major determinant of the disease while Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) accentuates the symptoms. This study brings to focus the important role of RTBV ORF-IV in disease manifestation, by acting as both the victim and silencer of the RNA silencing pathway. The ORF-IV is a weak suppressor of the S-PTGS or stable silencing, but its suppression activity is augmented in the presence of specific RTSV proteins. Among these, RTBV ORF-IV and RTSV CP3 proteins interact with each other. This interaction may lead to the suppression of localized silencing as well as the spread of silencing in the host plants. The findings present a probable mechanistic glimpse of the requirement of the two viruses in enhancing tungro disease.

SUBMITTER: Anand A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8875415 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Coordinated Action of RTBV and RTSV Proteins Suppress Host RNA Silencing Machinery.

Anand Abhishek A Pinninti Malathi M Tripathi Anita A Mangrauthia Satendra Kumar SK Sanan-Mishra Neeti N

Microorganisms 20220118 2

RNA silencing is as an adaptive immune response in plants that limits the accumulation or spread of invading viruses. Successful virus infection entails countering the RNA silencing machinery for efficient replication and systemic spread in the host. The viruses encode proteins with the ability to suppress or block the host silencing mechanism, resulting in severe pathogenic symptoms and diseases. Tungro is a viral disease caused by a complex of two viruses and it provides an excellent system to ...[more]

PMID: 35208652

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Project description:BackgroundHeterochromatin is the tightly packaged dynamic region of the eukaryotic chromosome that plays a vital role in cellular processes such as mitosis and meiotic recombination. Recent experiments in Schizosaccharomyces pombe have revealed the structure of centromeric heterochromatin is affected in RNAi pathway mutants. It has also been shown in fission yeast that the heterochromatin barrier is traversed by RNA Pol II and that the passage of RNA Pol II through heterochromatin is important for heterochromatin structure. Thus, an intricate interaction between the RNAi machinery and RNA Pol II affects heterochromatin structure. However, the role of the RNAi machinery and RNA Pol II on the metazoan heterochromatin landscape is not known. This study analyses the interaction of the small RNA machinery and RNA Pol II on Drosophila heterochromatin structure.ResultsThe results in this paper show genetic and biochemical interaction between RNA Pol II (largest and second largest subunit) and small RNA silencing machinery components (dcr-2, ago1, ago2, piwi, Lip [D], aub and hls). Immunofluorescence analysis of polytene chromosomes from trans-heterozygotes of RNA Pol II and different mutations of the small RNA pathways show decreased H3K9me2 and mislocalization of Heterochromatin protein-1. A genetic analysis performed on these mutants showed a strong suppression of white-mottled4h position effect variegation. This was further corroborated by a western blot analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation, which showed decreased H3K9me2 in trans-heterozygote mutants compared to wild type or single heterozygotes. Co-immunoprecipitation performed using Drosophila embryo extracts showed the RNA Pol II largest subunit interacting with Dcr-2 and dAGO1. Co-localization performed on polytene chromosomes showed RNA Pol II and dAGO1 overlapping at some sites.ConclusionOur experiments show a genetic and biochemical interaction between RNA Pol II (largest and second largest subunits) and the small RNA silencing machinery in Drosophila. The interaction has functional aspects in terms of determining H3K9me2 and HP-1 deposition at the chromocentric heterochromatin. Thus, RNA Pol II has an important role in establishing heterochromatin structure in Drosophila.

Dataset Information

Coordinated Action of RTBV and RTSV Proteins Suppress Host RNA Silencing Machinery.

Publications

Coordinated Action of RTBV and RTSV Proteins Suppress Host RNA Silencing Machinery.

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