Early Auditory Event Related Potentials Distinguish Higher-Order From First-Order Aversive Conditioning.

ABSTRACT: Stimuli in reality rarely co-occur with primary reward or punishment to allow direct associative learning of value. Instead, value is thought to be inferred through complex higher-order associations. Rodent research has demonstrated that the formation and maintenance of first-order and higher-order associations are supported by distinct neural substrates. In this study, we explored whether this pattern of findings held true for humans. Participants underwent first-order and subsequent higher-order conditioning using an aversive burst of white noise or neutral tone as the unconditioned stimuli. Four distinct tones, initially neutral, served as first-order and higher-order conditioned stimuli. Autonomic and neural responses were indexed by pupillometry and evoked response potentials (ERPs) r

SUBMITTER: Dhamija P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8879319 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature