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Oceanographic setting influences the prokaryotic community and metabolome in deep-sea sponges.

ABSTRACT: Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) are leading organisms for the discovery of bioactive compounds from nature. Their often rich and species-specific microbiota is hypothesised to be producing many of these compounds. Yet, environmental influences on the sponge-associated microbiota and bioactive compound production remain elusive. Here, we investigated the changes of microbiota and metabolomes in sponges along a depth range of 1232 m. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics, we assessed prokaryotic and chemical diversities in three deep-sea sponge species: Geodia barretti, Stryphnus fortis, and Weberella bursa. Both prokaryotic communities and metabolome varied significantly with depth, which we hypothesized to be the effect of different water masses. Up to 35.5% of microbial ASVs (amplicon sequence variants) showed significant changes with depth while phylum-level composition of host microbiome remained unchanged. The metabolome varied with depth, with relative quantities of known bioactive compounds increasing or decreasing strongly. Other metabolites varying with depth were compatible solutes regulating osmolarity of the cells. Correlations between prokaryotic community and the bioactive compounds in G. barretti suggested members of Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, or an unclassified prokaryote as potential producers.

SUBMITTER: Steffen K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8888554 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Oceanographic setting influences the prokaryotic community and metabolome in deep-sea sponges.

Steffen Karin K Indraningrat Anak Agung Gede AAG Erngren Ida I Haglöf Jakob J Becking Leontine E LE Smidt Hauke H Yashayaev Igor I Kenchington Ellen E Pettersson Curt C Cárdenas Paco P Sipkema Detmer D

Scientific reports 20220301 1

Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) are leading organisms for the discovery of bioactive compounds from nature. Their often rich and species-specific microbiota is hypothesised to be producing many of these compounds. Yet, environmental influences on the sponge-associated microbiota and bioactive compound production remain elusive. Here, we investigated the changes of microbiota and metabolomes in sponges along a depth range of 1232 m. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolo ...[more]

PMID: 35233042

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Project description:BackgroundSponge microbiomes are essential for the function and survival of their host and produce biologically active metabolites, therefore, they are ideal candidates for ecological, pharmacologic and clinical research. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revealed that many factors, including the environment and host, determine the composition and structure of these symbiotic communities but the controls of this variation are not well described. This study assessed the microbial communities associated with two marine sponges of the genera Aplysina (Nardo, 1834) and Ircinia (Nardo, 1833) in rocky reefs from Punta Arena de la Ventana (Gulf of California) and Pichilingue (La Paz Bay) in the coast of Baja California Sur, México to determine the relative importance of environment and host in structuring the microbiome of sponges.MethodsSpecimens of Aplysina sp were collected by scuba diving at 10 m and 2 m; Ircinia sp samples were collected at 2 m. DNA of sponge-associated prokaryotes was extracted from 1 cm3 of tissue, purified and sent for 16S amplicon sequencing. Primer trimmed pair-ended microbial 16S rDNA gene sequences were merged using Ribosomal Database Project (RDP) Paired-end Reads Assembler. Chao1, Shannon and Simpson (alpha) biodiversity indices were estimated, as well permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), and Bray-Curtis distances.ResultsThe most abundant phyla differed between hosts. Those phyla were: Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetes. In Ircinia sp the dominant phylum was Acidobacteria. Depth was the main factor influencing the microbial community, as analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed a significant difference between the microbial communities from different depths.ConclusionMicrobial diversity analysis showed that depth was more important than host in structuring the Aplysina sp and Ircinia sp microbiome. This observation contrast with previous reports that the sponge microbiome is highly host specific.

Dataset Information

Oceanographic setting influences the prokaryotic community and metabolome in deep-sea sponges.

Publications

Oceanographic setting influences the prokaryotic community and metabolome in deep-sea sponges.

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