Dataset Information

A natural hybrid of Sindora (Fabaceae, Detarioideae) from Singapore.

ABSTRACT: Sindora×changiensis L.M.Choo, Loo, W.F.Ang & K.Er is a new hybrid from the subfamily Detarioideae in Fabaceae. This is the first reported instance of natural hybridisation in Sindora. Based on population genetics analyses using ddRAD and morphological observations, this taxon represents a fertile hybrid between Sindoracoriacea and Sindoraechinocalyx. This new hybrid is so far only known to occur naturally from Changi at the north-eastern coast of Singapore. It has pods that are sparsely spiny. This is intermediate between the smooth, non-spiny pods of S.coriacea, and the densely spiny pods of S.echinocalyx. The calyx is smooth and unarmed, resembling S.coriacea. Last but not least, the ovary is entirely pubescent, different from S.coriacea and S.echinocalyx. The ovary of S.coriacea has a glabrous patch in the middle, while that of S.echinocalyx has minute spines protruding from the dense pubescence. A taxonomic description and an updated key to the Sindora of Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia are also provided.

SUBMITTER: Choo LM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8891240 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A natural hybrid of Sindora (Fabaceae, Detarioideae) from Singapore.

Choo Le Min LM Loo Adrian Hock Beng AHB Ang Wee Foong WF Er Kenneth Boon Hwee KBH

PhytoKeys 20220223

Sindora×changiensis L.M.Choo, Loo, W.F.Ang & K.Er is a new hybrid from the subfamily Detarioideae in Fabaceae. This is the first reported instance of natural hybridisation in Sindora. Based on population genetics analyses using ddRAD and morphological observations, this taxon represents a fertile hybrid between Sindoracoriacea and Sindoraechinocalyx. This new hybrid is so far only known to occur naturally from Changi at the north-eastern coast of Singapore. It has pods that ...[more]

PMID: 35437378

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Project description:BackgroundComparative phylogeographic studies on rainforest species that are widespread in Central Africa often reveal genetic discontinuities within and between biogeographic regions, indicating (historical) barriers to gene flow, possibly due to repeated and/or long-lasting population fragmentation during glacial periods according to the forest refuge hypothesis. The impact of forest fragmentation seems to be modulated by the ecological amplitude and dispersal capacities of each species, resulting in different demographic histories. Moreover, while multiple studies investigated the western part of Central Africa (Lower Guinea), few have sufficiently sampled the heart of the Congo Basin (Congolia). In this study, we look for genetic discontinuities between populations of the widespread tropical tree Scorodophloeus zenkeri Harms (Fabaceae, Detarioideae) in Central Africa. Additionally, we characterize genetic diversity, selfing rate and fine-scale spatial genetic structure within populations to estimate the gene dispersal capacity of the species.ResultsClear intraspecific genetic discontinuities occur throughout the species' distribution range, with two genetic clusters in Congolia and four in Lower Guinea, and highest differentiation occurring between these bioregions. Genetic diversity is higher in Lower Guinea than Congolia. A spatial genetic structure characteristic of isolation by distance occurs within the genetic clusters. This allowed us to estimate gene dispersal distances (σg) for this outcrossing species with ballistic seed dispersal, which range between 100 and 250 m in areas where S. zenkeri occurs in high densities, and are in the low range of σg values compared to other tropical trees. Gene dispersal distances are larger in low density populations, probably due to extensive pollen dispersal capacity.ConclusionsFragmentation of S. zenkeri populations seems to have occurred not only in Lower Guinea but also in the Congo Basin, though not necessarily according to previously postulated forest refuge areas. The lower genetic diversity in Congolia compared to Lower Guinea parallels the known gradient of species diversity, possibly reflecting a stronger impact of past climate changes on the forest cover in Congolia. Despite its bisexual flowers, S. zenkeri appears to be mostly outcrossing. The limited dispersal observed in this species implies that genetic discontinuities resulting from past forest fragmentation can persist for a long time before being erased by gene flow.

Project description:BACKGROUND: The phloem of dicotyledonous plants contains specialized P-proteins (phloem proteins) that accumulate during sieve element differentiation and remain parietally associated with the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum in mature sieve elements. Wounding causes P-protein filaments to accumulate at the sieve plates and block the translocation of photosynthate. Specialized, spindle-shaped P-proteins known as forisomes that undergo reversible calcium-dependent conformational changes have evolved exclusively in the Fabaceae. Recently, the molecular characterization of three genes encoding forisome components in the model legume Medicago truncatula (MtSEO1, MtSEO2 and MtSEO3; SEO = sieve element occlusion) was reported, but little is known about the molecular characteristics of P-proteins in non-Fabaceae. RESULTS: We performed a comprehensive genome-wide comparative analysis by screening the M. truncatula, Glycine max, Arabidopsis thaliana, Vitis vinifera and Solanum phureja genomes, and a Malus domestica EST library for homologs of MtSEO1, MtSEO2 and MtSEO3 and identified numerous novel SEO genes in Fabaceae and even non-Fabaceae plants, which do not possess forisomes. Even in Fabaceae some SEO genes appear to not encode forisome components. All SEO genes have a similar exon-intron structure and are expressed predominantly in the phloem. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of several subgroups with Fabaceae-specific subgroups containing all of the known as well as newly identified forisome component proteins. We constructed Hidden Markov Models that identified three conserved protein domains, which characterize SEO proteins when present in combination. In addition, one common and three subgroup specific protein motifs were found in the amino acid sequences of SEO proteins. SEO genes are organized in genomic clusters and the conserved synteny allowed us to identify several M. truncatula vs G. max orthologs as well as paralogs within the G. max genome. CONCLUSIONS: The unexpected occurrence of forisome-like genes in non-Fabaceae plants may indicate that these proteins encode species-specific P-proteins, which is backed up by the phloem-specific expression profiles. The conservation of gene structure, the presence of specific motifs and domains and the genomic synteny argue for a common phylogenetic origin of forisomes and other P-proteins.

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A natural hybrid of Sindora (Fabaceae, Detarioideae) from Singapore.

Publications

A natural hybrid of <i>Sindora</i> (Fabaceae, Detarioideae) from Singapore.

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Dataset Information

A natural hybrid of Sindora (Fabaceae, Detarioideae) from Singapore.

Publications

﻿A natural hybrid of <i>Sindora</i> (Fabaceae, Detarioideae) from Singapore.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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A natural hybrid of <i>Sindora</i> (Fabaceae, Detarioideae) from Singapore.