The importance of race, gender, and religion in naturalization adjudication in the United States.

ABSTRACT: This study presents an empirical investigation of naturalization adjudication in the United States using new administrative data on naturalization applications decided by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services between October 2014 and March 2018. We find significant group disparities in naturalization approvals based on applicants' race/ethnicity, gender, and religion, controlling for individual applicant characteristics, adjudication years, and variation between field offices. Non-White applicants and Hispanic applicants are less likely to be approved than non-Hispanic White applicants, male applicants are less likely to be approved than female applicants, and applicants from Muslim-majority countries are less likely to be approved than applicants from other countries. In addition, r

SUBMITTER: Ryo E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8892311 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature