Long-term associations of cigarette smoking in early mid-life with predicted brain aging from mid- to late life.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aims

Smoking is associated with increased risk for brain aging/atrophy and dementia. Few studies have examined early associations with brain aging. This study aimed to measure whether adult men with a history of heavier smoking in early mid-life would have older than predicted brain age 16-28 years later.

Design

Prospective cohort observational study, utilizing smoking pack years data from average age 40 (early mid-life) predicting predicted brain age difference scores (PBAD) at average ages 56, 62 (later mid-life) and 68 years (early old age). Early mid-life alcohol use was also evaluated.

Setting

Population-based United States sample.

Participants/cases

Participants were male twins of predominantly European ancestry who served in the United Sta

SUBMITTER: Whitsel N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8904283 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature