A Review of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Binding Partners for Immune Regulation and Potential Therapeutic Application.

ABSTRACT: Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is the canonical serine protease inhibitor of neutrophil-derived proteases and can modulate innate immune mechanisms through its anti-inflammatory activities mediated by a broad spectrum of protein, cytokine, and cell surface interactions. AAT contains a reactive methionine residue that is critical for its protease-specific binding capacity, whereby AAT entraps the protease on cleavage of its reactive centre loop, neutralises its activity by key changes in its tertiary structure, and permits removal of the AAT-protease complex from the circulation. Recently, however, the immunomodulatory role of AAT has come increasingly to the fore with several prominent studies focused on lipid or protein-protein interactions that are predominantly mediated through electrostatic

SUBMITTER: O'Brien ME 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8910375 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature