Three-dimensional assessment of nose and lip morphology in North Sudanese subjects with Down syndrome.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To detail the nasolabial morphologic characteristics of North Sudanese subjects with Down syndrome (DS).

Materials and methods

Nasolabial morphology was assessed three-dimensionally in 64 North Sudanese subjects with DS aged 4 to 34 years and in 682 sex- and age-matched controls. Three-dimensional facial coordinates were collected using a laser scan, and selected distances, angles, areas, and volumes were computed. Subject and reference data were compared by computing z-scores and Student's t-tests.

Results

The nose was significantly smaller (area) in subjects with DS than in reference subjects, and it had a different shape (more flat angle of alar slope, more acute nasal tip angle). The vertical (nasal bridge length, nose height) and anteroposterior (nasal

SUBMITTER: Sforza C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8926374 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature