Dataset Information

Potentially modifiable mediators for socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity in the United States.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine modifiable mediators for socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity in the United States.

Methods

This study used the data of 1,211 mother-child dyads from a US national birth cohort from pregnancy to 6 years post partum. Socioeconomic status was indicated by maternal education (college graduate vs. less) and family income (>185% vs. ≤185% of the poverty line). Single- and multiple-factor mediation analyses were conducted for socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity at 6 years, adjusting for demographics.

Results

The confounder-adjusted relative risk of childhood obesity was 1.79 for low maternal education and 1.42 for low family income. Low-maternal-education-related obesity was individually mediated by maternal preconception BMI (percentage of indirect effect, 8.8%), smoking during pregnancy (7.0%), infant weight gain (14.4%), child sleep duration (11.4%), and TV viewing during weekdays at 6 years (4.9%). Low-family-income-related obesity was mediated by maternal preconception BMI (18.5%), smoking during pregnancy (6.3%), child sleep duration (12.8%), and the home learning environment at 6 years (26.2%). In multiple-mediator analysis, significant mediators together mediated 54.0% of maternal-education-related or 39.4% of family-income-related disparities.

Conclusions

Maternal preconception BMI, smoking during pregnancy, infant weight gain, child sleep, TV viewing, and the home learning environment substantially mediated socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity in the United States.

SUBMITTER: Wen X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8934591 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Potentially modifiable mediators for socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity in the United States.

Wen Xiaozhong X Mi Baibing B Wang Youfa Y Taveras Elsie M EM Bartashevskyy Maksym M

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20220301 3

<h4>Objective</h4>The aim of this study was to examine modifiable mediators for socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity in the United States.<h4>Methods</h4>This study used the data of 1,211 mother-child dyads from a US national birth cohort from pregnancy to 6 years post partum. Socioeconomic status was indicated by maternal education (college graduate vs. less) and family income (>185% vs. ≤185% of the poverty line). Single- and multiple-factor mediation analyses were conducted for soci ...[more]

PMID: 35195362

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Project description:BackgroundChordoma is a rare bone cancer with limited treatment options. Clinical trials are crucial for developing effective therapies, but their success depends on including diverse patient populations. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the reporting of racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic diversity in United States clinical trials exploring treatment for chordoma.MethodsA literature search was conducted through PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Epistemonikos, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for published US chordoma trials up until 19 August 2024. The data collected included trial characteristics and racial and ethnic data, as well as socioeconomic indicators when available. Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) and Revised Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for Randomized Trials (RoB2) analyses were adopted to assess the methodological quality. The N-1 Chi-squared (χ2) test was implemented to compare the reported racial and ethnic data with the most recent US Census Bureau data.ResultsFive trials involving 111 patients (median age: 63 years; 34% female) were included. Four studies (80%) were single-arm non-randomized studies with one study (25%) having a high methodological quality and three (75%) having a moderate quality based on the MINORS analysis. Most patients (91%, n = 82) were White/Caucasian, representing a proportion which was significantly higher than the reported 75% in the US population (p = 0.0005). Black/African American patients (2%, n = 2) were significantly underrepresented compared to the 14% in the US population (p = 0.0015). Regarding ethnicity, Hispanic/Latino patients (7%, n = 6) were significantly underrepresented compared to the 20% in the US population (p = 0.0021). No measures of socioeconomic status were reported.ConclusionsThis systematic review highlighted the need for improved racial and ethnic diversity in chordoma trials and the better reporting of socioeconomic data. The underrepresentation of minority groups may obscure potential disparities in disease incidence, treatment access, and clinical outcomes.

Dataset Information

Potentially modifiable mediators for socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity in the United States.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Potentially modifiable mediators for socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity in the United States.

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