Dataset Information

Grain yield and micronutrient concentrations of maize parental lines of new hybrid genotypes affected by the foliar application of micronutrients.

ABSTRACT: It is important for the breeders to find how genetic differences may affect crop grain yield and nutrient uptake affected by micronutrient fertilization. Accordingly, with respect to our published research, the foliar application of the most deficient micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) in the arid and semi-arid areas of the world affecting grain yield and nutrient concentration of maize parental lines of new hybrid genotypes was tested in a two-year experiment (2016-2017). A split plot experiment (randomized complete block design) with seven maize parental lines (G1-G7, sub-plots), and eight micronutrients treatments (main plots) including control (without spraying, M1), Zn (M2), Mn (M3), and Fe (M4) at 3 g L^-1, Mn + Zn (M5), Fe + Zn (M6), Fe + Mn (M7), and Fe + Mn + Zn (M8) at 1.5 g L^-1, sprayed at the growth stages of V8 and the full appearance of the plant organs (R1) was conducted. Plant height, cob height, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, number of rows per cob, number of grains per row, grain crude protein content, and micronutrient (Zn, Fe and Mn) concentrations were determined. Micronutrients significantly affected Fe (27.68-62.55 mg. kg^-1) and Zn (33.34-55.73 mg. kg^-1) concentrations. A3 (12,600 kg. ha^-1) and A5 (8900 kg. ha^-1) resulted in the highest and least grain yield, respectively. M7 (11,470 kg. ha^-1) had the highest grain yield significantly different from control (5510 kg. ha^-1). Interestingly, just Mn significantly affected grain crude protein (9.63-12.92%). Correlation coefficients indicated Mn and Fe as the least and the most correlated micronutrients with the growth of maize parental lines.

Supplementary information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01160-0.

SUBMITTER: Chinipardaz F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8943094 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Grain yield and micronutrient concentrations of maize parental lines of new hybrid genotypes affected by the foliar application of micronutrients.

Chinipardaz Forough F Babaienejad Teimour T Gholami Ali A Barzegari Mohammad M

Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology 20220201 2

It is important for the breeders to find how genetic differences may affect crop grain yield and nutrient uptake affected by micronutrient fertilization. Accordingly, with respect to our published research, the foliar application of the most deficient micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) in the arid and semi-arid areas of the world affecting grain yield and nutrient concentration of maize parental lines of new hybrid genotypes was tested in a two-year experiment (2016-2017). A split plot experiment (r ...[more]

PMID: 35400892

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Project description:Timing of micronutrient demand and acquisition by maize (Zea mays L.) is nutrient specific and associated with key vegetative and reproductive growth stages. The objective of this study was to determine the fate of foliar-applied B, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Fe/Zn together, evaluate the effect of foliar micronutrients applied at multiple rates and growth stages on maize grain yield, and determine their apparent nutrient recovery efficiency (ANR). Five Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 at five locations across Nebraska. Total dry matter was collected at 5-6 stages, and separated into leaves, stalk, and reproductive tissue as appropriate to determine micronutrient uptake, partitioning, and translocation. Foliar B, Mn, Zn, and Fe/Zn had no effect on grain yield for most application time by rate levels, though, at the foliar Mn site, there was a 19% yield increase due to a V18 application of 0.73 kg Mn ha-1 which corresponded with reduced Mn uptake in maize grown in control plots. At the foliar Zn site, there was 4.5% decrease in yield due to a split foliar application of 0.84 kg Zn ha-1 total, applied at V11 and V15 stage, which increased leaf Zn concentrations greater than the established toxic level. Only the Fe site had consistent grain yield response and was the only experiment that had visual signs of micronutrient deficiency. Regardless of application time from V6 to R2, there was a 13.5-14.6% increase in grain yield due to 0.22 kg Fe ha-1 foliar application. Most micronutrients had limited or no translocation, however, early season applications of B, prior to V10, had significant mobilization to reproductive tissues at or after VT. Foliar Mn, Zn, and B application had ANR LSmeans of 9.5, 16.9, and 2.5%, respectively, whereas the Fe/Zn mix had negative ANR LSmeans of -9.1% Fe and -1.3% Zn which indicate suppression. These data highlight the importance of confirming a micronutrient deficiency prior to foliar application, guide specific growth stages to target with specific micronutrients, track the fate of foliar-applied micronutrients, and describe the variable effect of foliar-applied micronutrients on grain yield.

Project description:Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major staples in Nepal providing the bulk of food calories and at least 30% of Fe and Zn intake and 20% of dietary energy and protein consumption; thus, it is essential to improve its nutritional quality. To select high-yielding genotypes with elevated grain zinc and iron concentration, the sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth HarvestPlus Yield Trials (HPYTs) were conducted across diverse locations in Nepal for four consecutive years: 2015-16, 2016-17, 2017-18, and 2018-19, using 47 biofortified and 3 non-biofortified CIMMYT-bred, bread wheat genotypes: Baj#1, Kachu#1, and WK1204 (local check). Genotypic and spatial variations were found in agro-morphological traits; grain yield and its components; and the grain zinc and iron concentration of tested genotypes. Grain zinc concentration was highest in Khumaltar and lowest in Kabre. Likewise, grain iron concentration was highest in Doti and lowest in Surkhet. Most of the biofortified genotypes were superior for grain yield and for grain zinc and iron concentration to the non-biofortified checks. Combined analyses across environments showed moderate to high heritability for both Zn (0.48-0.81) and Fe (0.46-0.79) except a low heritability for Fe observed for 7th HPYT (0.15). Grain yield was positively correlated with the number of tillers per m2, while negatively correlated with days to heading and maturity, grain iron, grain weight per spike, and thousand grain weight. The grain zinc and iron concentration were positively correlated, suggesting that the simultaneous improvement of both micronutrients is possible through wheat breeding. Extensive testing of CIMMYT derived high Zn wheat lines in Nepal led to the release of five biofortified wheat varieties in 2020 with superior yield, better disease resistance, and 30-40% increased grain Zn and adaptable to a range of wheat growing regions in the country - from the hotter lowland, or Terai, regions to the dry mid- and high-elevation areas.

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Dataset Information

Grain yield and micronutrient concentrations of maize parental lines of new hybrid genotypes affected by the foliar application of micronutrients.

Supplementary information

Publications

Grain yield and micronutrient concentrations of maize parental lines of new hybrid genotypes affected by the foliar application of micronutrients.

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