Oral and intranasal vaccines against SARS-CoV-2: Current progress, prospects, advantages, and challenges.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a deadly pandemic in the 21st century, resulting in many deaths, economic loss, and international immobility. Vaccination represents the only mechanism to defeat this virus. Several intramuscular vaccines have been approved and are currently used worldwide.

Main body

However, global mass vaccination has not been achieved owing to several limitations, including the need for expertise to administer the injection-based vaccine, improper distribution of the vaccine, and lack of cold chain facilities, particularly in resource-poor, low-income countries. Mucosal vaccines are typically administered either orally or nasally, and several studies have shown promising results for developing these vac

SUBMITTER: Kar S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8959423 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature