Comprehensive Analysis of HHLA2 as a Prognostic Biomarker and Its Association With Immune Infiltrates in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Inhibitory immune checkpoint proteins promote tumor immune escape and are associated with inferior patient outcome. However, the biological functions and regulatory roles of one of its members, HHLA2, in the tumor immune microenvironment have not been explored.

Methods

RandomForest analyses (371 cases), qRT-PCR (15 cases), and immunohistochemical staining (189 cases) were used to validate the prognostic value of HHLA2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Bioinformatic analyses were further performed to explore the biological functions and potential signaling pathways affected by HHLA2. Moreover, ESTIMATE, single sample gene set enrichment analysis, CIBERSORT, TIMER, and other deconvolution methods were used to analyze the composition and infiltration

SUBMITTER: Ding L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8968642 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature