Autocrine GMCSF Signaling Contributes to Growth of HER2⁺ Breast Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis.

ABSTRACT: Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) occurs when tumor cells spread to the cerebrospinal fluid-containing leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. LC is an ominous complication of cancer with a dire prognosis. Although any malignancy can spread to the leptomeninges, breast cancer, particularly the HER2⁺ subtype, is its most common origin. HER2⁺ breast LC (HER2⁺ LC) remains incurable, with few treatment options, and the molecular mechanisms underlying proliferation of HER2⁺ breast cancer cells in the acellular, protein, and cytokine-poor leptomeningeal environment remain elusive. Therefore, we sought to characterize signaling pathways that drive HER2⁺ LC development as well as those that restrict its growth to leptomeninges. P

SUBMITTER: Ansari KI 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8986153 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature