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Aloe arborescens: In Vitro Screening of Genotoxicity, Effective Inhibition of Enzyme Characteristics for Disease Etiology, and Microbiological Activity.

ABSTRACT: The present study assessed the genotoxicity, the possibility of inhibiting selected enzymes, and the microbial activity of lyophilisate from 3-year-old A. arborescens leaves obtained from controlled crops. The lyophilisate from 3-year-old A. arborescens leaves was standardized for aloin A and aloenin A content. Moreover, concentrations of polyphenolic compounds and phenolic acids were determined. The first stage of the research was to determine genotoxicity using the comet test, which confirmed the safety of A. arborescens. Assays of enzymatic inhibition were performed for hyaluronidase (IC50 = 713.24 ± 41.79 µg/mL), α-glucosidase (IC50 = 598.35 ± 12.58 µg/mL), acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (1.16 vs. 0.34 µM of eserine/g d.m., respectively). The next stage of the research was to determine the ability of the healing properties using the scratch test, which showed a positive response using the extract. Microbial activity was evaluated and obtained against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts. We concluded that A. arborescens leaf gel meets the important conditions for plant raw materials to obtain semi-solid forms of herbal medicinal products.

SUBMITTER: Pawlowicz K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9000289 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Aloe arborescens: In Vitro Screening of Genotoxicity, Effective Inhibition of Enzyme Characteristics for Disease Etiology, and Microbiological Activity.

Pawłowicz Kamil K Sip Szymon S Plech Tomasz T Kaproń Barbara B Kobus-Cisowska Joanna J Cielecka-Piontek Judyta J

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20220403 7

The present study assessed the genotoxicity, the possibility of inhibiting selected enzymes, and the microbial activity of lyophilisate from 3-year-old A. arborescens leaves obtained from controlled crops. The lyophilisate from 3-year-old A. arborescens leaves was standardized for aloin A and aloenin A content. Moreover, concentrations of polyphenolic compounds and phenolic acids were determined. The first stage of the research was to determine genotoxicity using the comet test, wh ...[more]

PMID: 35408722

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Project description:Aloe arborescens is a relevant species largely used in traditional medicine of several countries. In particular, the decoction of leaves is prepared for various medicinal purposes including antidiabetic care. The aim of this research was the study of the antiglycation activity of two A. arborescens leaf extracts and isolated compounds: aloin and aloe-emodin. These phytoconstituents were quantitatively assessed in methanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. In addition, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were detected. In order to study their potential use in diabetic conditions, the antiglycation and antiradical properties of the two extracts and aloin and aloe-emodin were investigated by means of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) assays; further, their cytotoxicity in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells was evaluated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Furthermore, the ability of aloin and aloe-emodin to permeate the cellular membranes of HT-29 cells was determined in order to estimate their potential in vivo absorption. This assessment indicated that aloe-emodin can substantially pass through cell membranes (~20%), whereas aloin did not permeate into HT-29 cells. Overall, the data show that both the methanolic and the hydroalcoholic A. arborescens extracts determine significant inhibition of glycation and free-radical persistence, without any cytotoxic activity. The data also show that the antiglycation and the antiradical activities of aloin and aloe-emodin are lower than those of the two extracts. In relation to the permeability study, only aloe-emodin is able to cross HT-29 cellular membranes, showing the attitude to pass through the intestinal layer. Overall, the present data surely support the traditional use of A. arborescens leaf extracts against hyperglycemic conditions, while aloin and aloe-emodin as potential drugs need further study.

Project description:BackgroundIn the context of the RABOLA project, which aimed to identify operational practices that lead to the reduction of antibiotic use in dairy cattle farming, lyophilised Aloe arborescens was administered orally to cows during the dry-off and peripartum periods. In this specific paper we wanted to examine whether oral administration of Aloe arborescens, in combination with the topical application of a teat sealant could exert an effect on the microbial populations of three cow microbiomes (rumen, milk, rectum), between dry-off and peripartum. Dry-off and peripartum are critical physiological phases of the cow's life, where both the mammary gland and the gastrointestinal tract undergo dramatic modifications, hence the relevance of evaluating the effects of dietary treatments.MethodsThirty multiparous dairy cows were randomly allocated to three groups: Control (antibiotic treatment and internal teat sealant), Sealant (only internal teat sealant) and Aloe (internal teat sealant and Aloe arborescens homogenate administered orally). For 16S rRNA gene sequencing, rumen, rectum and milk samples were collected, not synchronously, at the most critical timepoints around dry-off and calving, considering the physiological activity of each biological site.ResultsThe rumen microbiome was predominantly characterized by Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes followed by Proteobacteria, while the rectum exhibited a prevalence of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The milk microbiome mainly comprised Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Alistipes spp., Ruminococcaceae UCG-10 group, Prevotellaceae UCG-001 group, and Bacteroides spp., involved in cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, enhancement of energy metabolism, and peptide breakdown, showed increment in the rectum microbiome with Aloe supplementation. The rectum microbiome in the Aloe group exhibited a significant increase in the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and alpha-diversity at seven days after dry-off period. Beta-diversity showed a significant separation between treatments for the rectum and milk microbiomes. Aloe supplementation seemed to enrich milk microbial composition, whereas the Sealant group showed greater diversity compared to the Control group, albeit this included an increase in microorganisms frequently associated with mastitis.ConclusionsAloe arborescens administration during the dry-off period did not demonstrate any observable impact on the microbial composition of the rumen, a finding further supported by volatilome analysis. Instead, the oral Aloe supplementation at dry-off appears to significantly influence the composition of the dairy cow rectum and milk microbiomes in the following lactation.

Dataset Information

Aloe arborescens: In Vitro Screening of Genotoxicity, Effective Inhibition of Enzyme Characteristics for Disease Etiology, and Microbiological Activity.

Publications

<i>Aloe arborescens</i>: In Vitro Screening of Genotoxicity, Effective Inhibition of Enzyme Characteristics for Disease Etiology, and Microbiological Activity.

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