Adverse childhood experiences and implications of perceived stress, anxiety and cortisol among women in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to poor maternal mental health. The goal of this study is to examine the associations between ACEs and multiple manifestations of stress (including perceived stress, anxiety and cortisol) among mothers in rural Pakistan.

Design

This study used a cross-sectional design. Mothers were originally recruited during their third trimester of pregnancy and followed until 36 months post partum. Cortisol was collected at 12 months post partum, and self-report data were collected at 36 months post partum.

Setting

All participants reside in rural villages in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The measures were administered at home visits by field interviewers.

Participants

Data were collected from 889 mothers. All mothers in the

SUBMITTER: Ikram N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9014037 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature