Dataset Information

A general pattern of health erosion in the United States? An examination of self-reported health status from 1997 - 2018.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Recent research has found a general pattern of health erosion in self-assessed pain and allostatic load among adults in the United States (US). It remains to be determined if self-reported health status, hereafter SRH, also follows this pattern. The aim of this study was to examine whether a general pattern of health erosion is found in SRH among adults in the United States (US).

Methods

Data from the National Health Interview Survey 1997-2018 were used to study sex, educational attainment, and racial/ethnic patterns in SRH by age, period and cohort among adults in the US. The analytic sample consisted of respondents aged 18 years or older at the moment of interview with valid information in the age, sex, education, race/ethnicity and health status question (n = 669,501). Estimates for the percent population reporting poor/fair health were produced by age, period and cohort to study trends in health status by sex, educational attainment and race/ethnicity. All estimates were weighted to account for complex survey design.

Results

No discernible pattern of health erosion, or improvement, is observed in the age, period or cohort analyses of the percent of the population reporting poor/fair SRH by sex, educational attainment or race/ethnicity.

Conclusions

The analysis indicates that self-reported health does not follows the general pattern of health erosion found in self-assessed pain and allostatic load in the US. The percent of the population reporting poor/fair health status has remained relatively stable between 1997 and 2018. Further research is required to determine whether self-reported health is an appropriate metric to track population health in the US.

SUBMITTER: Santos-Lozada AR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9019403 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

A general pattern of health erosion in the United States? An examination of self-reported health status from 1997 - 2018.

Santos-Lozada Alexis R AR

SSM - population health 20220409

<h4>Purpose</h4>Recent research has found a general pattern of health erosion in self-assessed pain and allostatic load among adults in the United States (US). It remains to be determined if self-reported health status, hereafter SRH, also follows this pattern. The aim of this study was to examine whether a general pattern of health erosion is found in SRH among adults in the United States (US).<h4>Methods</h4>Data from the National Health Interview Survey 1997-2018 were used to study sex, educa ...[more]

PMID: 35464612

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Project description:Background and objectivesU.S. Latinos are a heterogeneous population with unique characteristics related to individual-level socioeconomic and contextual factors based on nativity status and country of origin. Population aging and greater public awareness of dementia may contribute to an increasing prevalence of self-reported cognitive impairment. However, population-level trends in self-reported cognitive impairment among Latinos are unclear and it is unknown whether there are differences among Latino subgroups. Thus, this study aims to examine heterogeneity in self-reported cognitive impairment among older U.S. Latino subgroups.Research design and methodsWe used data from the 1997-2018 National Health Interview Survey to document age-specific patterns in self-reported cognitive impairment among U.S.-born Mexican, foreign-born Mexican, island-born Puerto Rican, foreign-born Cuban, and U.S.-born non-Latino Whites aged 60 and older. We estimated hierarchical age-period-cohort cross-classified random effects models (HAPC-CCREM) to isolate age patterns in self-reported cognitive impairment across disaggregated Latino subgroups and U.S.-born non-Latino Whites.ResultsThe overall prevalence of self-reported cognitive impairment increased from 6.0% in 1997 to 7.1% in 2018. This increase was evident among U.S.-born non-Latino Whites and U.S.-born and foreign-born Mexicans but not other Latino subgroups. Fully adjusted HAPC-CCREM estimates indicated that Latinos were more likely to self-report cognitive impairment than U.S-born non-Latino Whites (b = 0.371, p < .001). When disaggregated by Latino subgroup, the difference in the likelihood for self-reported cognitive impairment compared to U.S.-born non-Latino Whites was greatest for island-born Puerto Ricans (b = 0.598, p < .001) and smallest for foreign-born Cubans (b = 0.131, p > .05).Discussion and implicationsWe found evidence of considerable heterogeneity in the age patterns of self-reported cognitive impairment among U.S. Latino subgroups. We also detected large differences in the likelihood for self-reported cognitive impairment between U.S. Latino subgroups compared to U.S.-born non-Latino Whites. These results underscore the importance of differentiating between unique Latino subpopulations when studying population-level trends in cognitive function.

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Dataset Information

A general pattern of health erosion in the United States? An examination of self-reported health status from 1997 - 2018.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

A general pattern of health erosion in the United States? An examination of self-reported health status from 1997 - 2018.

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