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Brain charts for the human lifespan.

ABSTRACT: Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight¹. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantified by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories² of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identified previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones³, showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological differences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantification of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes.

SUBMITTER: Bethlehem RAI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9021021 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Brain charts for the human lifespan.

Bethlehem R A I RAI Seidlitz J J White S R SR Vogel J W JW Anderson K M KM Adamson C C Adler S S Alexopoulos G S GS Anagnostou E E Areces-Gonzalez A A Astle D E DE Auyeung B B Ayub M M Bae J J Ball G G Baron-Cohen S S Beare R R Bedford S A SA Benegal V V Beyer F F Blangero J J Blesa Cábez M M Boardman J P JP Borzage M M Bosch-Bayard J F JF Bourke N N Calhoun V D VD Chakravarty M M MM Chen C C Chertavian C C Chetelat G G Chong Y S YS Cole J H JH Corvin A A Costantino M M Courchesne E E Crivello F F Cropley V L VL Crosbie J J Crossley N N Delarue M M Delorme R R Desrivieres S S Devenyi G A GA Di Biase M A MA Dolan R R Donald K A KA Donohoe G G Dunlop K K Edwards A D AD Elison J T JT Ellis C T CT Elman J A JA Eyler L L Fair D A DA Feczko E E Fletcher P C PC Fonagy P P Franz C E CE Galan-Garcia L L Gholipour A A Giedd J J Gilmore J H JH Glahn D C DC Goodyer I M IM Grant P E PE Groenewold N A NA Gunning F M FM Gur R E RE Gur R C RC Hammill C F CF Hansson O O Hedden T T Heinz A A Henson R N RN Heuer K K Hoare J J Holla B B Holmes A J AJ Holt R R Huang H H Im K K Ipser J J Jack C R CR Jackowski A P AP Jia T T Johnson K A KA Jones P B PB Jones D T DT Kahn R S RS Karlsson H H Karlsson L L Kawashima R R Kelley E A EA Kern S S Kim K W KW Kitzbichler M G MG Kremen W S WS Lalonde F F Landeau B B Lee S S Lerch J J Lewis J D JD Li J J Liao W W Liston C C Lombardo M V MV Lv J J Lynch C C Mallard T T TT Marcelis M M Markello R D RD Mathias S R SR Mazoyer B B McGuire P P Meaney M J MJ Mechelli A A Medic N N Misic B B Morgan S E SE Mothersill D D Nigg J J Ong M Q W MQW Ortinau C C Ossenkoppele R R Ouyang M M Palaniyappan L L Paly L L Pan P M PM Pantelis C C Park M M MM Paus T T Pausova Z Z Paz-Linares D D Pichet Binette A A Pierce K K Qian X X Qiu J J Qiu A A Raznahan A A Rittman T T Rodrigue A A Rollins C K CK Romero-Garcia R R Ronan L L Rosenberg M D MD Rowitch D H DH Salum G A GA Satterthwaite T D TD Schaare H L HL Schachar R J RJ Schultz A P AP Schumann G G Schöll M M Sharp D D Shinohara R T RT Skoog I I Smyser C D CD Sperling R A RA Stein D J DJ Stolicyn A A Suckling J J Sullivan G G Taki Y Y Thyreau B B Toro R R Traut N N Tsvetanov K A KA Turk-Browne N B NB Tuulari J J JJ Tzourio C C Vachon-Presseau É É Valdes-Sosa M J MJ Valdes-Sosa P A PA Valk S L SL van Amelsvoort T T Vandekar S N SN Vasung L L Victoria L W LW Villeneuve S S Villringer A A Vértes P E PE Wagstyl K K Wang Y S YS Warfield S K SK Warrier V V Westman E E Westwater M L ML Whalley H C HC Witte A V AV Yang N N Yeo B B Yun H H Zalesky A A Zar H J HJ Zettergren A A Zhou J H JH Ziauddeen H H Zugman A A Zuo X N XN Bullmore E T ET Alexander-Bloch A F AF

Nature 20220406 7906

Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight<sup>1</sup>. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). ...[more]

PMID: 35388223

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Project description:Almost all brain cells contain primary cilia, antennae-like microtubule sensory organelles, on their surface, which play critical roles in brain functions. During neurodevelopmental stages, cilia are essential for brain formation and maturation. In the adult brain, cilia play vital roles as signaling hubs that receive and transduce various signals and regulate cell-to-cell communications. These distinct roles suggest that cilia functions, and probably structures, change throughout the human lifespan. To further understand the age-dependent changes in cilia roles, we identified and analyzed age-dependent patterns of expression of cilia's structural and functional components across the human lifespan. We acquired cilia transcriptomic data for 16 brain regions from the BrainSpan Atlas and analyzed the age-dependent expression patterns using a linear regression model by calculating the regression coefficient. We found that 67% of cilia transcripts were differentially expressed genes with age (DEGAs) in at least one brain region. The age-dependent expression was region-specific, with the highest and lowest numbers of DEGAs expressed in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, respectively. The majority of cilia DEGAs displayed upregulation with age in most of the brain regions. The transcripts encoding cilia basal body components formed the majority of cilia DEGAs, and adjacent cerebral cortices exhibited large overlapping pairs of cilia DEGAs. Most remarkably, specific α/β-tubulin subunits (TUBA1A, TUBB2A, and TUBB2B) and SNAP-25 exhibited the highest rates of downregulation and upregulation, respectively, across age in almost all brain regions. α/β-tubulins and SNAP-25 expressions are known to be dysregulated in age-related neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Our results support a role for the high dynamics of cilia structural and functional components across the lifespan in the normal physiology of brain circuits. Furthermore, they suggest a crucial role for cilia signaling in the pathophysiological mechanisms of age-related psychiatric/neurological disorders.

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Brain charts for the human lifespan.

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Brain charts for the human lifespan.

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