Dataset Information

Assessment and Implication of PAHs and Compound-Specific δ¹³C Compositions in a Dated Marine Sediment Core from Daya Bay, China.

ABSTRACT: PAHs in a sediment core covering ~120 years from Daya Bay in South China Sea were extracted using Soxhlet and high performance thin layer chromatography, and the compound-specific δ¹³C were analyzed using gas chromatography-combustion-isotopic ratio mass spectrometry. The concentrations of PAHs ranged from 99.3 to 676 ng g^-1, with high molecular weight PAHs as a key component. PAHs' compound-specific δ¹³C ranged from -35.02‱ to -16.14‱. The patterns of 16 PAHs, molecular ratios, and compound specific δ¹³C compositions indicate important pyrolytic and petrogenic sources: PAHs derived predominantly from pyrogenic sources (including coal and wood incomplete combustion) before the 1960s, while after the 1960s, they derived predominantly from mixed pyrogenic and petrogenic sources (including automotive exhaust emissions, oil spills, and coal and wood incomplete combustion). Our results can provide important insights into organic pollution emissions influenced by human activities and the urbanization of Daya Bay.

SUBMITTER: Lu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9029777 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Assessment and Implication of PAHs and Compound-Specific δ13C Compositions in a Dated Marine Sediment Core from Daya Bay, China.

Lu Yan Y Li Dongmei D Wang Xiaoyun X Cao Jianping J Huang Sheng S Zhou Peng P

International journal of environmental research and public health 20220409 8

PAHs in a sediment core covering ~120 years from Daya Bay in South China Sea were extracted using Soxhlet and high performance thin layer chromatography, and the compound-specific δ13C were analyzed using gas chromatography-combustion-isotopic ratio mass spectrometry. The concentrations of PAHs ranged from 99.3 to 676 ng g-1, with high molecular weight PAHs as a key component. PAHs' compound-specific δ13C ranged from -35.02‱ to -16.14‱. The patterns of 16 PAHs, m ...[more]

PMID: 35457395

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Project description:Methods for identifying origin, movement, and foraging areas of animals are essential for understanding ecosystem connectivity, nutrient flows, and other ecological processes. Telemetric methods can provide detailed spatial coverage but are limited to a minimum body size of specimen for tagging. In recent years, stable isotopes have been increasingly used to track animal migration by linking landscape isotope patterns into movement (isoscapes). However, compared to telemetric methods, the spatial resolution of bulk stable isotopes is low. Here, we examined a novel approach by evaluating the use of compound-specific hydrogen and carbon stable isotopes of fatty acids (δ2HFA and δ13CFA) from fish liver, muscle, brain, and eye tissues for identifying site specificity in a 254 km2 sub-alpine river catchment. We analyzed 208 fish (European bullhead, rainbow trout, and brown trout) collected in 2016 and 2018 at 15 different sites. δ13CFA values of these fish tissues correlated more among each other than those of δ2HFA values. Both δ2HFA and δ13CFA values showed tissue-dependent isotopic fractionation, while fish taxa had only small effects. The highest site specificity was for δ13CDHA values, while the δ2H isotopic difference between linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid resulted in the highest site specificity. Using linear discrimination analysis of FA isotope values, over 90% of fish could be assigned to their location of origin; however, the accuracy dropped to about 56% when isotope data from 2016 were used to predict the sites for samples collected in 2018, suggesting temporal shifts in site specificity of δ2HFA and δ13CFA. However, the predictive power of δ2HFA and δ13CFA over this time interval was still higher than site specificity of bulk tissue isotopes for a single time point. In summary, compound-specific isotope analysis of fatty acids may become a highly effective tool for assessing fine and large-scale movement and foraging areas of animals.

Project description:RationaleThe use of sulfur isotopes to study trophic ecology in marine ecosystems has increased in the past decade. Unlike other commonly used isotopes (e.g., carbon), sulfur can better discriminate benthic and pelagic productivity. However, how lipid extraction affects sulfur isotopic values has not been assessed, despite its frequent use to remove lipid effects on δ13 C values.MethodsWe used white muscle and liver samples from two species of sharks and skin samples from two species of pinnipeds (sea lion and fur seal) to assess the effects of lipid extraction on stable isotope values for δ34 S, δ13 C, and δ15 N. Isotopic values were determined using a continuous flow-isotope ratio mass spectrometer coupled to an elemental analyzer.ResultsLipid extraction significantly decreased δ34 S values in shark tissues, more so for liver than muscle (-4.6 ± 0.9‰ vs -0.8 ± 0.3‰, average change), with nearly no change in their standard deviations. Lipid extraction did not affect δ34 S values from pinniped skin samples (0.2 ± 0.8‰, average change). After lipid extraction, consistent increases in δ13 C values (0.2‰-7.3‰) were detected as expected, especially in tissue with high lipid content (C:N >4). After lipid extraction, significant increases in δ15 N values (0.5‰-1.4‰) were found in shark muscle and liver tissues. For pinniped skin samples, δ15 N values were not significantly lower after lipid extraction (-0.4‰ to -0.1‰).ConclusionsLipid extraction did not have a strong impact on δ34 S values of shark muscle and pinniped skin (≤1‰). However, our results suggest it is essential to consider the effects of lipid extraction when interpreting results from δ34 S values of shark liver tissue, as they significantly depleted values relative to bulk tissue (~5‰). This may reflect selective removal of sulfolipids and glutathione present in higher concentrations in the liver than in muscle and skin and requires further investigation.

Dataset Information

Assessment and Implication of PAHs and Compound-Specific δ¹³C Compositions in a Dated Marine Sediment Core from Daya Bay, China.

Publications

Assessment and Implication of PAHs and Compound-Specific δ<sup>13</sup>C Compositions in a Dated Marine Sediment Core from Daya Bay, China.

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