Natural, synthetic and commercially-available biopolymers used to regenerate tendons and ligaments.

ABSTRACT: Tendon and ligament (TL) injuries affect millions of people annually. Biopolymers play a significant role in TL tissue repair, whether the treatment relies on tissue engineering strategies or using artificial tendon grafts. The biopolymer governs the mechanical properties, biocompatibility, degradation, and fabrication method of the TL scaffold. Many natural, synthetic and hybrid biopolymers have been studied in TL regeneration, often combined with therapeutic agents and minerals to engineer novel scaffold systems. However, most of the advanced biopolymers have not advanced to clinical use yet. Here, we aim to review recent biopolymers and discuss their features for TL tissue engineering. After introducing the properties of the native tissue, we discuss different types of natural, syntheti

SUBMITTER: Shiroud Heidari B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9034322 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature