Dataset Information

Rapid in-plate screening of biotransformation products in single zebrafish embryos.

ABSTRACT: A procedure was developed for rapid screening of xenobiotic biotransformation products (bioTPs) in single zebrafish (ZF; Danio rerio) embryos. Exposure was carried out from 0-120 hours post fertilization (hpf) to 6 different concentrations of the model compound propranolol (PPL). Following in-plate extraction and non-target instrumental analysis by high resolution mass spectrometry, suspected bioTPs were identified using custom data filtration scripts and matching to in silico structural predictions. A total of eight PPL bioTPs were identified (five at a level 1 confidence and one at a level 2-3 confidence). These findings supplement previously generated toxicometabolomic models derived from the same dataset, and were obtained without conducting additional exposure experiments. In addition to facilitating assessments of inter-individual variability in bioTP production in ZF embryos, we demonstrate that bioTPs can be elucidated using extremely small quantities of biomass (i.e. ∼200 μg). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time bioTP elucidation has been carried out in single ZF embryos.

SUBMITTER: Ribbenstedt A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9038038 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rapid in-plate screening of biotransformation products in single zebrafish embryos.

Ribbenstedt Anton A Benskin Jonathan P JP

RSC advances 20210816 45

A procedure was developed for rapid screening of xenobiotic biotransformation products (bioTPs) in single zebrafish (ZF; <i>Danio rerio</i>) embryos. Exposure was carried out from 0-120 hours post fertilization (hpf) to 6 different concentrations of the model compound propranolol (PPL). Following in-plate extraction and non-target instrumental analysis by high resolution mass spectrometry, suspected bioTPs were identified using custom data filtration scripts and matching to <i>in silico</i> stru ...[more]

PMID: 35480773

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Project description:Zebrafish embryo-based assays are a promising alternative for animal testing to screen new compounds for developmental toxicity. However, recent studies in zebrafish embryos showed an immature intrinsic cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated biotransformation capacity, as most CYPs were only active at the end of the organogenesis period. Data on other phase I enzymes involved in the biotransformation of xenobiotics in zebrafish embryos is limited. This information is pivotal for proteratogens needing bioactivation to exert their teratogenic potential. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether carbamazepine (CBZ) and levetiracetam (LTC), two anti-epileptic drugs that require bioactivation to exert their teratogenic potential, are biotransformed into non-CYP mediated metabolites in the zebrafish embryo and whether one or more of these metabolites cause developmental toxicity in this species. In the first step, zebrafish embryos were exposed to LTC and CBZ and their non-CYP mediated human metabolites, etiracetam carboxylic acid (ECA) and 9-acridine carboxaldehyde (9ACA), acridine (AI), and acridone (AO), respectively, from 5.25 to 120 hpf and morphologically evaluated. Next, the uptake of all compounds and the formation of the metabolites were assessed using LC-MS methods. As LTC and ECA were, respectively, poorly or not taken up by zebrafish larvae during the exposure experiments, we could not determine if LTC and ECA are teratogenic. However, biotransformation of LTC into ECA was observed at 24 hpf and 120 hpf, which indicates that the special type of B-esterase is already active at 24 hpf. CBZ and its three metabolites were teratogenic, as a significant increase in malformed embryos was observed for all of them. All three metabolites were more potent teratogens than CBZ, with AI being the most potent, followed by 9ACA and AO. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) homologue is already active at 24 hpf, as CBZ was biotransformed into 9ACA and AO in 24 hpf zebrafish embryos, and into 9ACA in 120 hpf larvae. Moreover, 9ACA was also found to be biotransformed into AI and AO, and AI into AO. As such, one or more of these metabolites probably contribute to the teratogenic effects observed in zebrafish larvae after exposure to CBZ.

Dataset Information

Rapid in-plate screening of biotransformation products in single zebrafish embryos.

Publications

Rapid in-plate screening of biotransformation products in single zebrafish embryos.

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